THE HOLY QURAN ON RACISM

THE HOLY QURAN ON RACISM

ASSEMBLED BY MALLAM ABBA ABANA, KUBWA, ABUJA, NIGERIA

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Bismillah Walhamdulillah Was Salaatu Was Salaam 'ala Rasulillah. As-Salaam Alaikum Wa-Rahmatullahi Wa-Barakatuhu.

Praise be to Allaah; we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allaah from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah guides will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is no god but Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad (Sallalhu alaihi Wasalam) is His slave and Messenger.

THE QURAN ON RACISM

Q: What does the Quran say about racism?

A: Islam is known as a faith for all people and for all times. Muslims come from all continents and backgrounds, encompassing 1/5 of humanity (https://www.thoughtco.com/worlds-muslim-population-2004480). In the heart of a Muslim there is no room for arrogance and racism. Allah tells us that the diversity of life, and the various languages and colors of human beings, is a sign of Allah’s majesty, and a lesson for us to learn about humanity equality (https://www.thoughtco.com/humility-in-islam-2004505), and the appreciation of differences.

“And among His wonders is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the diversity of your tongues and colors. For in this, behold, there are messages indeed for all who are possessed of innate knowledge!” (Holy Quran Chapter 30:22).

“Do you not see that Allah sends down rain from the sky? With it We then bring out produce of various colors. And in the mountains are tracts white and red, of various shades of color, and black intense in hue. And so amongst men, and crawling creatures, and cattle – they are of various colors. Those truly fear Allah, among His Servants, who have knowledge. For Allah is Exalted in Might, Oft-Forgiving” (Holy Quran Chapter 35:27-28).

“Oh men! Behold, We have created you all out of a male and a female, and have made you into nations and tribes, so that you might come to know one another. Verily, the noblest of you in the sight of Allah is the one who is most deeply conscious of Him. Behold, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware” (Holy Quran Chapter 49:13).

“And He it is who has brought you all into being out of one living entity, and has appointed for each of you a time-limit on earth, and a resting-place after death. Clearly, indeed, We have spelled out these messages unto people who can grasp the truth!” (Holy Quran Chapter 6:98).

“And among His wonders is this: He creates you out of dust, and then, behold! You become human beings ranging far and wide!” (Holy Quran Chapter 30:20).

“For Muslim men and women, for believing men and women, for devout men and women, for true men and women, for men and women who are patient and constant, for men and women who humble themselves, for men and women who give in charity, for men and women who fast, for men and women who guard their chastity, and for men and women who engage much in Allah’s praise – for them, Allah has prepared forgiveness and a great reward” (Holy Quran Chapter 33:35).

https://www.thoughtco.com/the-quran-on-racism-2004399

 

AFRICAN AMERICAN MUSLIMS AND QURAN ON RACISM

Islam is known as a faith for all people and for all times. Muslims come from all continents and backgrounds, encompassing 1/5 of humanity. In the heart of a Muslim there is no room for arrogance and racism. Allah tells us that the diversity of life, and the various languages and colors of human beings, is a sign of Allah’s majesty, and a lesson for us to learn about humility, equality, and the appreciation of differences.

 

QURAN ON HUMAN DIVERSITY

“And among His wonders is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the diversity of your tongues and colors. For in this, behold, there are messages indeed for all who are possessed of innate knowledge!” (Holy Quran Chapter 30.22).

“Do you not see that Allah sends down rain from the sky? With it We then bring out produce of various colors. And in the mountains are tracts white and red, of various shades of color, and black intense in hue. And so amongst men, and crawling creatures, and cattle – they are of various colors. Those truly fear Allah, among His Servants, who have knowledge. For Allah is Exalted in Might, Oft-Forgiving” (Holy Quran Chapter 35.27-28).

“Oh men! Behold, We have created you all out of a male and a female, and have made you into nations and tribes, so that you might come to know one another. Verily, the noblest of you in the sight of Allah is the one who is most deeply conscious of Him. Behold, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware” (Holy Quran Chapter 49.13).

“And He it is who has brought you all into being out of one living entity, and has appointed for each of you a time-limit on earth, and a resting-place after death. Clearly, indeed, We have spelled out these messages unto people who can grasp the truth!” (Holy Quran Chapter 6.98).

“And among His wonders is this: He creates you out of dust, and then, behold! You become human beings ranging far and wide!” (Holy Quran Chapter 30.20).

“For Muslim men and women, for believing men and women, for devout men and women, for true men and women, for men and women who are patient and constant, for men and women who humble themselves, for men and women who give in charity, for men and women who fast, for men and women who guard their chastity, and for men and women who engage much in Allah’s praise – for them, Allah has prepared forgiveness and a great reward” (Holy Quran Chapter 33.35).

 

HISTORY OF AFRICAN AMERICAN MUSLIMS

Most people, when they think of African-American Muslims, think of the "Nation of Islam." Certainly, there is an historical importance to how Islam took hold among African-Americans, but we will see how this initial introduction transformed in modern times.

Among the reasons why African-Americans have been and continue to be drawn to Islam are 1) the Islamic heritage of West Africa from where many of their ancestors had come; and 2) the absence of racism in Islam in contrast to the brutal and racist enslavement they had endured.

 

NATION OF ISLAM

In the early 1900s, a few black leaders strived to help the recently-freed African slaves regain a sense of self-esteem and reclaim their heritage. Noble Drew Ali started a black nationalist community, the Moorish Science Temple, in New Jersey in 1913. After his death, some of his followers turned to Wallace Fard, who founded the Lost-Found Nation of Islam in Detroit in 1930. Fard was a mysterious figure who declared that Islam is the natural religion for Africans, but did not emphasize the orthodox teachings of the faith. Instead, he preached black nationalism, with a revisionist mythology explaining the historical oppression of the black people. Many of his teachings directly contradicted the true faith of Islam.

In 1934, Fard disappeared and Elijah Muhammed took over the leadership of the Nation of Islam. Fard became a "Savior" figure, and followers believed that he was Allah in the flesh on earth.

 

 

 

MALCOLM X

The poverty and racism rampant in the urban northern states made his message about black superiority and "white devils" more widely accepted. His follower Malcolm X became a public figure during the 1960s, although he separated himself from the Nation of Islam before his death in 1965.

Muslims look to Malcolm X (later known as Al-Hajj Malik Shabaaz) as an example of one who, at the end of his life, rejected the racially-divisive teachings of the Nation of Islam and embraced the true brotherhood of Islam.

His letter from Mecca, written during his pilgrimage, shows the transformation that had taken place. As we shall see shortly, most African-Americans have made this transition as well, leaving behind the "black nationalist" Islamic organizations to enter the worldwide brotherhood of Islam.

 

MUSLIM IMMIGRANTS

The number of Muslims in the United States today is estimated to be between 6-8 million. According to several surveys commissioned between 2006-2008, African-Americans make up about 25% of the Muslim population of the U.S.

The vast majority of African-American Muslims have embraced orthodox Islam and have rejected the racially-divisive teachings of the Nation of Islam. Warith Deen Mohammed, a son of Elijah Mohammed, helped lead the community through a transition away from his father's black nationalist teachings, to join the mainstream Islamic faith.

The number of Muslim immigrants to the United States has increased in recent years, as has the number of native-born converts to the faith. Among immigrants, Muslims come largely from Arab and South Asian countries. A major study conducted by Pew Research Center in 2007 found that American Muslims are mostly middle-class, well-educated, and "decidedly American in their outlook, values and attitudes."

Today, Muslims in America represent a colorful mosaic that is unique in the world. African-Americans, Southeast Asians, North Africans, Arabs, and Europeans come together daily for prayer and support, united in faith, with the understanding that they are all equal before God.

 

WORLD'S MUSLIM POPULATION

The estimates vary, but as of January 21, 2017, the Pew Research Institute estimates that there are about 1.8 billion Muslims in the world; nearly one-fourth of the world’s population today. This makes it the world's second largest religion, after Christianity. However, within the second half of this century, Muslims are expected to become the world's largest religious group. The Pew Research Institute estimates that by 2070, Islam will overtake Christianity, due to faster birth rate (2.7 children per family vs. 2.2 for Christian families).

Islam is today the fastest growing religion in the world.

The Muslim population is a diverse community of believers spanning the globe. Over fifty countries have Muslim-majority populations, while other groups of believers are clustered in minority communities in nations on nearly every continent.

Although Islam is often associated with the Arab world and the Middle East, fewer than 15% of Muslims are Arab. By far, the largest populations of Muslims live in Southeast Asia (more than 60% of the world's total), while the countries of the Middle East and North Africa make up only 20% of the total. One-fifth of the world's Muslims live as minorities in non-Muslim countries, with the largest of these populations in India and China. While Indonesia currently has the largest population of Muslims, projections suggest that by 2050, India will contain the world's largest population of Muslims, expected to be at least 300 million.

 

REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MUSLIMS (2017)

• Latin America/ Caribbean: 840,000

• North America: 3,480,000

• Europe: 43,470,000

• Subsaharan Africa: 248,420,000

• Middle East/ North Africa: 370,070,000

• Asia Pacific: 986,420,000

Top 12 Countries With the Largest Muslim Populations (2017)

• Indonesia: 209.1 million

• Pakistan 176.2 million

• India: 167.4 million

• Bangladesh 134.4 million

• Nigeria: 77.3 million

• Egypt: 77 million

• Iran: 73.6 million

• Turkey: 71.3 million

• Sudan: 39 million

• Algeria 34.7 million

• Morocco: 31.9 million

• Iraq: 31.2 million

 

HOW IS HUMILITY IMPORTANT IN ISLAM?

Muslims constantly strive to remember and practice Islamic virtues and put them into practice throughout their daily lives. Among these great Islamic virtues are submission to Allah, self-restraint, discipline, sacrifice, patience, brotherhood, generosity, and humility.

In English, the word "humility" comes from the Latin root word which means "ground." Humility, or being humble, means that one is modest, submissive and respectful, not proud and arrogant.

You lower yourself to the ground, not elevate yourself above others. In prayer, Muslims prostrate themselves to the ground, acknowledging human beings' lowliness and humility before the Lord of the Worlds.

In the Quran, Allah uses several Arabic words which convey the meaning of "humility." Among these are tada'a and khasha'a. A few selected examples:

 

TAD'A

Before thee We sent messengers to many nations, and We afflicted the nations with suffering and adversity, that they call Allah in humility. When the suffering reached them from Us, why then did they not call Allah in humility? On the contrary, their hearts became hardened, and Satan made their sinful acts seem alluring to them. (Holy Quran Chapter Al-Anaam 6:42-43)

Call on your Lord with humility and in private, for Allah loves not those who transgress beyond bounds. Do not mischief on the earth, after it has been set in order, but call on Him with fear and longing in your hearts, for the Mercy of Allah is always near to those who do good. (Holy Quran Chapter Al-Araf 7:55-56)

 

KHASHA'A

Successful indeed are the believers, those who humble themselves in their prayers... (Holy Quran Chapter Al-Muminoon 23:1-2)

Has not the time arrived for the believers that their hearts in all humility should engage in the remembrance of Allah and of the Truth which has been revealed to them... (Holy Quran Chapter Al-Hadid 57:16)

 

 

DISCUSSION ON HUMILITY

Humility is equivalent to submission to Allah. We should abandon all selfishness and pride in our human power, and stand humbled, meek, and submissive as servants of Allah above all else.

Among the Jahliyya Arabs (before Islam), this was unheard of. They preserved their personal honor above all else and would humble themselves to no one, neither a man nor a God. They were proud of their absolute independence and their human power. They had limitless self-confidence and refused to bow down to any authority. A man was lord of himself. Indeed, these qualities are what made someone a "real man." Humility and submissiveness were considered weak - not a quality of a noble man. The Jahliyya Arabs had a fierce, passionate nature and would scorn anything which might make them humbled or humiliated in any way, or feel like their personal dignity and status were being degraded.

Islam came and demanded of them, before anything else, to submit themselves wholly to the one and only Creator, and abandon all pride, arrogance, and feelings of self-sufficiency. Many among the pagan Arabs felt that this was an outrageous demand - to stand as equals with each other, in submission to Allah alone.

For many, these feelings did not pass - indeed we still see them today in much of the world's people, and unfortunately, sometimes in ourselves. Human presumptuousness, insolence, arrogance, elevated self-worth, are around us everywhere. We have to fight it in our own hearts.

Indeed, the sin of Iblis (Satan) was his arrogant refusal to humble himself to the will of Allah. He believed himself of elevated status - better than any other creation - and he continues to whisper to us, encouraging our pride, arrogance, love of wealth and status. We must always remember that we are nothing - we have nothing - except what Allah blesses us with. We can do nothing of our own power.

If we are arrogant and proud in this life, Allah will put us in our place and teach us humility in the next life, by giving us a humiliating punishment.

Better that we practice humility now, before Allah alone and among our fellow human beings.

https://www.thoughtco.com/humility-in-islam-2004505

 

ISLAM IS A PEACEFUL RELIGION WITH THOSE WHO ARE PEACEFUL

Islam is a peaceful religion because Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, has called Himself as-Salaam (the One Free from all defects; this word also means ‘peace’), and Islam is His religion that He has approved of for mankind. Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“He is Allah than Whom there is La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He) the King, the Holy, the One Free from all defects, the Giver of security, the Watcher over His creatures, the All-Mighty, the Compeller, the Supreme. Glory be to Allah! (High is He) above all that they associate as partners with Him” [Holy Quran Chapter al-Hashr 59:23]. 

Islam is a peaceful religion because it forbids mischief on earth.  Allah, may He be glorified, says (interpretation of the meaning): “and do good as Allah has been good to you, and seek not mischief in the land. Verily, Allah likes not the Mufsidoon (those who commit great crimes and sins, oppressors, tyrants, mischief-makers, corrupt)”[ Holy Quran Chapter al-Qasas 28:77]

“Verily, Allah enjoins Al-Adl (i.e. justice and worshipping none but Allah Alone - Islamic Monotheism) and Al-Ihsan (i.e. to be patient in performing your duties to Allah, totally for Allahs sake and in accordance with the Sunnah (legal ways) of the Prophet SAW in a perfect manner), and giving (help) to kith and kin (i.e. all that Allah has ordered you to give them e.g., wealth, visiting, looking after them, or any other kind of help, etc.): and forbids Al-Fahsha (i.e all evil deeds, e.g. illegal sexual acts, disobedience of parents, polytheism, to tell lies, to give false witness, to kill a life without right, etc.), and Al-Munkar (i.e all that is prohibited by Islamic law: polytheism of every kind, disbelief and every kind of evil deeds, etc.), and Al-Baghy (i.e. all kinds of oppression), He admonishes you, that you may take heed”[ Holy Quran Chapter an-Nahl 16:90]. 

The blood of the peaceful individual (one who is living under Muslim rule or who has been granted the protection of the Muslim state) is regarded as sacrosanct to such an extent that transgression against a single individual with no justification is regarded as equal to transgression against all of humanity. Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Because of that We ordained for the Children of Israel that if anyone killed a person not in retaliation of murder, or (and) to spread mischief in the land - it would be as if he killed all mankind, and if anyone saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of all mankind. And indeed, there came to them Our Messengers with clear proofs, evidences, and signs, even then after that many of them continued to exceed the limits (e.g. by doing oppression unjustly and exceeding beyond the limits set by Allah by committing the major sins) in the land”[ Holy Quran Chapter al-Maa’idah 5:32]. 

Islam is a peaceful religion that allows followers of other religions to live in the Islamic state and practice their religion without putting any pressure on them. They are the ones who are known as ahl adh-dhimmah or ahl al-‘ahd (those living under Muslim rule and enjoying the protection of the Muslim state). They are granted complete rights that are not granted to them by the most democratic countries nowadays. 

The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) ruled Madinah when there were many Jewish tribes living there, and he established a constitution between him and them which required all citizens to defend the state and strive together for its wellbeing, and granted security to them, their property and their children, with freedom of worship, trade and travel. They mixed with the Muslims to such an extent that they used to invite the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) to meals in their homes, and he would accept their invitations. He (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) also gave them the right to judge matters amongst themselves according to their own laws. 

This is how the Rightly Guided Caliphs who succeeded him also acted; they did not shed anyone’s blood on the basis of identity, ethnicity or religion. Rather they resisted the aggression of hostile parties, supported those who were weak and oppressed in the land, and strove to spread the religion of Allah, call people to Him and tell them about Him: “so that those who were to be destroyed (for their rejecting the Faith) might be destroyed after a clear evidence, and those who were to live (i.e. believers) might live after a clear evidence” [Holy Quran Chapter al-Anfaal 8:42]. 

The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “If anyone wrongs a mu‘aahid [non-Muslim living under Muslim rule], detracts from his rights, burdens him with more work than he is able to do or takes something from him without his consent, I will plead for him (the mu‘aahid) on the Day of Resurrection.”Narrated by Abu Dawood (3052); classed as hasan by Ibn Hajar in Muwaafaqat al-Khabr, 2/184; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh Abi Dawood 

It was narrated from ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever kills a mu‘aahid will not smell the fragrance of Paradise, although its fragrance may be detected from a distance of forty years.”Narrated by al-Bukhaari (3166) 

The basis for all of that is the verse in Soorat al-Mumtahinah in which Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Allah does not forbid you to deal justly and kindly with those who fought not against you on account of religion and did not drive you out of your homes. Verily, Allah loves those who deal with equity.

It is only as regards those who fought against you on account of religion, and have driven you out of your homes, and helped to drive you out, that Allah forbids you to befriend them. And whosoever will befriend them, then such are the Zalimoon (wrong-doers those who disobey Allah)”[ Holy Quran Chapter al-Mumtahinah 60:8-9]. 

And Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning): “O you who believe! Stand out firmly for Allah and be just witnesses and let not the enmity and hatred of others make you avoid justice. Be just: that is nearer to piety, and fear Allah. Verily, Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do” [Holy Quran Chapter al-Maa’idah 5:8]. 

Al-Baydaawi says in his Tafseer (commentary on the Qur’an) (303): 

That is: do not let your intense hatred for the mushrikeen (polytheists) cause you to fail to be just towards them and thus transgress against them by doing things that are not permissible, such as mutilating the dead, slandering them, killing women and children, or breaking treaties, because of the resentment in your hearts. End quote. 

Although Allah has instructed His slaves to show enmity towards the disbelievers with regard to their religion and to disavow them, that too is governed by the definitive general principle, which is to treat them justly and fairly, and not to wrong or mistreat them. 

Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 

Justice (or fairness) is obligatory upon everyone towards everyone in all circumstances, and injustice (or unfairness) is not permissible under any circumstances, to such an extent that Allah, may He be exalted, has enjoined the believers to treat the disbelievers with justice, as He says (interpretation of the meaning): “Be just: that is nearer to piety, and fear Allah. Verily, Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do”[ Holy Quran Chapter al-Maa’idah 5:8]. 

The believers treated the disbelievers justly in accordance with the command of Allah, because Allah told them: do not let your hatred of the disbelievers make you fail to treat them justly; rather treat them justly, for that is nearer to piety. End quote from Majmoo‘ al-Fataawa, 30/339 

This is the “code of conduct” that governs Muslim practices and highlights to you the peace, justice and security that Islam brought to the inhabitants of earth. 

But if you want to judge Islam on the basis of the actions of some of its followers and adherents, then you must let us judge Christianity and Judaism based on the actions of some of the followers of these two religions too. How can it be said that Christianity is a religion of love when we see that the holy war (crusade) that was declared by the US president Bush (the son) is killing hundreds and thousands of people in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iraq? 

Even if we accept that al-Qaeda has attacked peaceful citizens in the USA, and we overlook the reports and studies that suggest otherwise and point to the involvement of intelligence agencies, can that aggression be warded off by occupying other countries? If Afghanistan was occupied in order to strike at al-Qaeda in that country, then why was Iraq occupied, which led to the killing of thousands and widespread abuse of prisoners [Abu Ghraib], and put an end to the peace and security that existed before the occupation, so that rivers of blood could continue to flow because of the consequences of occupation? 

How can it be said that Christianity is a religion of love, when we see complete support for the Zionist occupation of Muslim lands, the expulsion of millions from their homes, the imprisoning of hundreds of thousands, and the wholesale replacement of one people by another? Didn’t the Jews live in peace in Palestine and other Arab lands before the establishment of the state of Israel? So why this occupation? And why do Western countries continue to support this usurper state? Why does the Christian West support this state, and why was it given the Balfour declaration by Great Britain in order to kill Muslims and stir up the grave turmoil, trouble and war that resulted from the planting of the Zionist entity in the region? 

What do you want us to tell you about the current situation that is filled with terrorism of Christian states and the blood they have on their hands, represented by the new conservatives in the USA, Britain and elsewhere? 

Or do you want us to tell you about the armed Christian terrorist groups, of which there are more than forty-one, and more than twenty-two militias in the USA alone? If we were to list for you the operations that these groups have carried out throughout the world, it would take far too long. How about if we listed all the terrorist groups throughout the world, which are motivated by racist or religious beliefs, all of which have emerged from the Christian world? 

But let us set all of that aside. Why should we delve so deeply into the Western world? Have you not heard about the Muslims in Central Africa, and the massacres and atrocities to which they are being subjected? 

Have you heard about the offenses being committed against the Muslims in Myanmar, before the eyes of the entire world? 

Do you want us to tell you about the past? The pages of history are filled with the Crusades in which the Muslim lands were occupied and their blood was shed for hundreds of years? 

Do you want us to tell you about what happened to the Muslims in Andalus (Spain) and the atrocities carried out against them by the Inquisition? 

Do you want to us to tell you about the atrocities committed by European colonialists – French, British, Italian, Portuguese and Dutch – in Muslim lands? 

Nevertheless, we – as an independent Islamic research organization – cannot accuse Christianity, in the form that Allah sent down to the Messiah ‘Eesa ibn Maryam (Jesus son of Mary – peace be upon him), of being a religion of terror or aggression; rather it was a religion of peace, as were the religions of all the Prophets. Rather terrorism occurrs among some of the followers who distort the divinely revealed books, or follow their own criminal agenda, or get confused and they are deceived by the Shaytaan (Satan), so they begin to shed blood, transgress sacred limits and provoke wars throughout the world.                                                                                          

We believe that we can find a great deal of common ground if we agree to respect treaties and covenants, and restore people’s rights in Palestine, Afghanistan and Iraq, and other countries that have long suffered oppression and occupation, and the plunder of resources, sometimes in the name of freedom and sometimes in the name of fighting terrorism. At that point we will be able to find a way to debate calmly and wisely, for we are the people of this call, as Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Invite (mankind, O Muhammad SAW) to the Way of your Lord (i.e. Islam) with wisdom (i.e. with the Divine Inspiration and the Quran) and fair preaching, and argue with them in a way that is better. Truly, your Lord knows best who has gone astray from His Path, and He is the Best Aware of those who are guided. And if you punish (your enemy, O you believers in the Oneness of Allah), then punish them with the like of that with which you were afflicted. But if you endure patiently, verily, it is better for As-Sabirin (the patient ones, etc.). And endure you patiently (O Muhammad SAW), your patience is not but from Allah. And grieve not over them (polytheists and pagans, etc.), and be not distressed because of what they plot. Truly, Allah is with those who fear Him (keep their duty unto Him), and those who are Muhsinoon (good-doers)”[ Holy Quran Chapter an-Nahl 16:125-128]. 

And Allah knows best.

Sources:

ThoughtCo (https://www.thoughtco.com/the-quran-on-racism-2004399)

http://www.islamicity.org/13164

https://www.thoughtco.com/the-quran-on-racism-2004399

https://www.thoughtco.com/worlds-muslim-population-2004480

https://www.thoughtco.com/humility-in-islam-2004505

Islam Q&A, 209600