HAJJ & UMRAH ABRIDGED FORMAT
ASSEMBLED BY
MALLAM ABBA ABANA, KUBWA, ABUJA, NIGERIA
http://variousislamicdawadocuments.blogspot.com
https://web.facebook.com/abba.abana
emails:gonidamgamiri@yahoo.com;
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SUNDAY 20 AUGUST
2017 CE AND 26 DHUL QADA 1438 AH
Bismillah
Walhamdulillah Was Salaatu Was Salaam 'ala Rasulillah. As-Salaam Alaikum
Wa-Rahmatullahi Wa-Barakatuhu. Praise be to Allaah; we seek His help and His
forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allaah from the evil of our own souls and from
our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah guides will never be led astray, and
whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is
no god but Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad (Sallalhu alaihi Wasalam) is
His slave and Messenger.
ABRIDGED OF WHAT
SHOULD BE DONE AT HAJJ AND UMRAH AT A GLANCE
a)
Ihram At The Mi’qat
b)
Entering The Masjid Al-Haram
c)
Niyyah (Intention)
d)
Welcome Tawaf & Saa’i (Between Safa &
Marwah).
e)
8th Of Dhu’l-Hijjah
(Day Of Al-Tarwiyah)
f)
Going To Mina From Makkah
g)
(9th Of Dhu’l-Hijjah
(Going To Arafat From Mina)
h)
Going To Muzdalifah From Arafat
i)
(10th Of Dhu’l-Hijjah
(Proceeding To Mina From Muzdalifah)
j)
(10th Of Dhu’l-Hijjah
(Tawaf Al-Ifadha In Makkah).
k)
(11th – 13th Of
Dhu’l-Hijjah (Returning To Mina From Makkah)
l)
Farewell Tawaf In The Holy City Of Makkah
m)
Departing For Home
SECTION ONE: HAJJ &
UMRAH ABRIDGED STEPS
Many Muslims think that the steps of Hajj & Umrah are
too complex. Therefore, they make little or no effort to learn how to perform
the essential rites correctly; make major mistakes and have to pay penalties.
Hajj is one of the best acts of worship & a pillar of
Islam with which Allah sent Muhammad (sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) &
without which a person’s religious commitment is incomplete.
“And Hajj to the house (ka’bah) is a duty that mankind owes
to Allah, those who can afford the expenses; and whoever disbelieves (denies it
is a disbeliever of Allah), then Allah stands not in need of the ‘Aalameen (Holy
Quran Chapter 3:97).
The prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) said: from one
umrah to the next is an expiation for whatever (sins) came between them, and
for an accepted hajj, there is no reward but paradise.” Bukhari.
Worship cannot be accepted or bring a person closer to Allaah
unless it meets 2- conditions:
1 Sincerity towards Allaah alone,
i.e., it is done to seek the countenance of Allaah in the Hereafter & is
not done to show off, to enhance one’s
reputation or for worldly gain.
2 Following the Prophet
(sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) in word &
deed by knowing his Sunnah.
TYPES OF HAJJ:
TAMATTU’, IFRAAD & QIRAAN.
TAMATTU’:
entering ihraam for ‘Umrah only during the months of Hajj (Shawwaal,
Dhu’l-Qi’dah & Dhu’l-Hijjah). Pilgrim reaches Makkah & performs tawaaf
(circumambulation of the kaaba) & saa’i (journeying between safar &
marwa) for ‘Umrah, & shaves his head or cuts his hair & exits ihraam.
This is UMRAH. On the day of al-Tarwiyah, (8th of Dhu’l-Hijjah), he enters
ihraam for Hajj only, & does all the actions of Hajj. So, Tamattu’ means a
complete ‘Umrah & a complete Hajj with interruption.
IFRAAD: entering
ihraam for Hajj only. Pilgrim reaches Makkah & performs tawaaf al-qudoom
(tawaaf of arrival) & saa’i for Hajj, but he does not shave or cut his hair
& does not exit ihraam, rather he remains in ihraam until he exits ihraam
after stoning Jamarat al-‘Aqabah on the day of Eid. If he delays the saa’i of
Hajj until after the tawaaf of Hajj, there is nothing wrong with that.
QIRAAN means
entering ihraam for ‘Umrah & Hajj both together. Or entering ihraam for
‘Umrah first then including Hajj in that before starting the tawaaf of Hajj.
That is done by intending that his tawaaf & saa’i will be for both Hajj
& ‘Umrah. Qiraan is similar to Ifraad, except that the Qiraan has to offer
a hadiy (sacrifice) whereas the pilgrim doing Ifraad does not.
The best is TAMATTU’. Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam)
enjoined this upon the companions. Even if a person enters ihraam for Qiraan or
Ifraad, then it is strongly recommended for him to change his intention to
‘Umrah, then complete ‘Umrah & exit ihraam, so that he will then be doing
Tamattu’. He may do that after doing tawaaf al-qudoom and saa’i – because
when the Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) did tawaaf & saa’i during
his Farewell Pilgrimage, he told everyone who did not have a sacrificial animal
(hadiy) to change his intention & make his ihraam for ‘Umrah & to cut
his hair & exit ihraam, & said, “Were it not that I have brought the
hadiy with me, I would do what I have commanded you to do.”
IHRAAM
Pilgrim observes the SUNNAHS
OF IHRAAM (ghusl, applying perfume & praying).Then he should enter
ihraam after he finishes the prayer or after boarding his means of
transportation at the miqat (specific designated place of entering ihraam), www.islamqa.info/en/135298, www.islamqa.info/en/96758.
Then if he is doing Tamattu’, he should say, “LABBAYK ALLAAHUMMA BI ‘UMRAH (HERE I
AM, O ALLAAH, FOR ‘UMRAH).”
If he is doing Qiraan, he should say, “LABBAYK ALLAAHUMMA BI HIJJAH WA ‘UMRAH (HERE I AM, O ALLAAH, FOR HAJJ
& ‘UMRAH).”
If he is doing Ifraad, he should say, “Labbayk Allaahumma Hajjan (Here I am, O Allaah, for Hajj).”
Then he should say, “Allaahumma
haadhihi hijjah laa riyaa’a fiha wa la sum’ah (O Allaah, this is a
pilgrimage in which there is no showing off or seeking reputation).”
Then he should recite the TALBIYAH as the Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) did: “Labbayka Allaahumma labbayk, labbayka
laa shareeka laka labbayk. Inna al-hamd wa’l-ni’mata laka wa’l-mulk, laa
shareeka lak (Here I am, O Allaah, here I am. Here I am, You have
no partner, here I am. Verily all praise and blessings are Yours, and all
sovereignty, You have no partner).”
Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) also said:, “Labbayka
ilaah al-haqq (Here I am, O God of Truth).”
Ibn ‘Umar added, “Labbaayk wa sa’dayka, wa’l-khayr bi
yadayka, wa’l-raghba’ ilayka wa’l-‘aml (Here I am and blessed by You, and all
good is in Your hands, & desire & action are directed towards
You).”
Men should raise their voices, but women should recite it
silently especially in the presence of non-mahrem.
Stipulating a condition when entering ihraam by saying if
something prevents me from completing my pilgrimage such as sickness or delay
etc., then I will exit my ihraam. The Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam)
commanded Dubaa’ah bint al-Zubayr, when she wanted to enter ihraam but she was
sick, to stipulate such a condition, and he said, “Your condition is valid with
your Lord.”(Bukhaari).
Exiting with this pre-condition does not necessitate
offering a sacrifice in compensation.
The MUHRIM
(person in ihraam) should recite the Talbiyah a great deal,
ask Allaah for His good pleasure and for Paradise, & seek refuge in His
Mercy from the Fire.
The Talbiyah is prescribed in ‘Umrah from the moment one
enters ihraam until one starts Tawaaf. In Hajj, it is prescribed from the
moment one enters ihraam until one stones Jamarat al-‘Aqabah on the day of Eid.
For details of prohibitions while in a state of ihraam. www.islamqa.info/en/11356.
WHEN ENTERING MAKKAH
When the pilgrim approaches Makkah, he should do ghusl
before entering. Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) did ghusl before
entering Makkah. (Muslim).
He enters al-Masjid al-Haraam with his right foot first,
& say, “Bismillaah wa’l-salaatu
wa’l-salaam ‘ala Rasool-Allaah. Allaahumma ighfir li dhunoobi waftah li abwaab
rahmatika. A’oodhu Billaah il-‘Azeem wa bi wajhih il-kareem wa bi sultaanih
il-‘qadeem min al-Shaytaan il-rajeem (In the name of Allaah, and
blessings and peace be upon the Messenger of Allaah. O Allaah, forgive me my
sins & open to me the gates of Your mercy. I seek refuge with Allaah the
Almighty & in His noble Countenance and His eternal power from the accursed
Satan).”
Then he should go to
the Black Stone in order to start tawaaf(circumambulation around the kaaba 7x).
After doing tawaaf & prayed two rak’ahs (behind maqaam Ibrahim if possible/feasible),
he should go to the MAS’A
(place for saa’i) & perform saa’i between al-Safa & al-Marwah 7 circuits.
For detailed description of Tawaaf & saa’i. www.islamqa.info/en/31819.
The pilgrim who is doing Tamattu’ should do saa’i for ‘Umrah;
those who are doing Ifraad & Qiraan should do saa’i for Hajj, & they
may delay it until after Tawaaf al-Ifaadah.
SHAVING THE HEAD
OR CUTTING THE HAIR
When the pilgrim who is doing Tamattu’ has completed seven
circuits of saa’i, he should shave entire head or cut from all over his head.
Shaving is better than cutting. Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) made
du’aa’ three times for those who shaved their heads & once for those who
cut their hair (Muslim). If the time of Hajj is so close that there will
be no time for the hair to grow back, then it is better to cut one’s hair at
this point, so that there will be some hair left to shave during Hajj. Prophet
(sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) commanded his companions, during the Farewell
Pilgrimage, to cut their hair during ‘Umrah, because they arrived on the
morning of the 4th of Dhu’l-Hijjah. Women should cut the length of a fingertip
from their hair. The ‘Umrah of the one who is doing Tamattu’ is concluded, he
should exit ihraam completely & can do everything that those who are not in
ihraam do e.g. wearing regular clothes, perfume, intercourse etc.
Those who are doing Ifraad or Qiraan should not shave their
heads or cut their hair, or exit ihraam, rather they should remain in ihraam
until they exit ihraam on the day of Eid, after stoning Jamarat
al-‘Aqabah.
On day of al-Tarwiyah; the 8th day of Dhu’l-Hijjah, the one
who is doing Tamattu’ should re-enter ihraam for Hajj in the morning from the
place where he is in Makkah as before. He should form the intention of entering
ihraam for Hajj & recite the Talbiyah, & say, “Labbayk Allaahumma Hajjan (Here I am, O Allaah, for Hajj).”
SECTION TWO: GOING
TO MINA
The pilgrim goes to Mina & prays Zuhr, ‘Asr, Maghrib,
‘Isha’ & Fajr there, shortening the prayers but not joining them. Prophet
(sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) used to shorten (making the 4-rak’ah prayers 2)
his prayers in Mina but he did not join them. The people of Makkah & others
should shorten their prayers in Mina, ‘Arafah and Muzdalifah because Prophet (sallAllaahu
‘alayhiwasallam) used to lead the people in prayer during the Farewell
Pilgrimage and there were people from Makkah with him, but he did not tell them
to offer their prayers in full. But since the city has spread and incorporated
Mina so that it is like one of the quarters of Makkah, then the people of
Makkah should not shorten their prayers there.
GOING TO ‘ARAFAH
When the sun rises on the day of ‘Arafah, the pilgrim
travels from Mina to ‘Arafah & stops in Namirah until the time of Zuhr (Namirah
is a place just before ‘Arafah), if he can do so because It is Sunnah but
not obligatory. When the sun passes its zenith (i.e. when the time for Zuhr
prayer begins), he should pray Zuhr and ‘Asr, two rak’ahs each,& join them
together at the time of Zuhr, as the Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) did,
so as to leave a lot of time for standing and making du’aa’.
Then after the prayer he should devote his time to making
dhikr & du’aa’, raising his hands & facing the qiblah even if the
mountain of ‘Arafah is behind him (the Sunnah is to face the qiblah, not the
mountain. The Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) stood by the mountain &
said, “I am standing here, but all of ‘Arafah is the place of standing.”
Prophet’s du’aa’ in that great place of standing was: “Laa ilaaha ill-Allaah wahdahu laa shareeka lah, lahu’l-mulk, wa
lahu’l-hamd, wa huwa ‘ala kulli shay’in qadeer (There is no god but
Allaah alone, with no partner or associate; His is the Dominion, all praise is
due to Him, and He is able to do all things).”The best of du’aa’ is du’aa’ made
on the day of ‘Arafah.
GOING TO
MUZDALIFAH
At sun set, the pilgrim goes to Muzdalifah. He should pray
Maghrib & ‘Isha’ with one adhaan & two iqaamahs. If he fears that he
will not reach Muzdalifah before midnight, he should pray on the way, because
it is not permissible to delay ‘Isha’ prayer until after midnight.
He should stay overnight in Muzdalifah, then when dawn comes
he should pray Fajr early, with the adhaan & iqaamah, & then head for
al-Mash’ar al-Haraam (which is the site of the mosque in Muzdalifah) &
proclaim the oneness and greatness of Allaah (by saying Laa ilaaha ill-Allaah
& Allaahu akbar), and making du’aa’ as he likes (i.e., when the light of
day appears before the sun has actually risen). If it is not easy for him to go
to al-Mash’ar al-Haraam, he should make du’aa’ where he is. Prophet
(sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) stood there & all of Muzdalifah is the place
of standing. When he is reciting dhikr & making du’aa’ he should face the
qiblah & raise his hands.
SECTION THREE: BACK TO MINA FROM ARAFAT/MUZDALIFAH
When it has become very light, before the sun rises, he
should go to Mina & hasten through Wadi Mahsar (which is a valley between
Muzdalifah & Mina). When he reaches Mina he should stone Jamarat
al-‘Aqabah, which is the last one that is closest to Makkah, throwing seven
pebbles one after another, each of which should be approximately the size of a
fava bean, saying “Allaahu akbar” with each throw. (The Sunnah when stoning
Jamarat al-‘Aqabah is to face the Jamarah with Makkah to one's left and Mina to
one one’s right). When he has finished this stoning, he should slaughter his
sacrificial animal, then shave his head or cut his hair if he is male; women
should cut the length of a fingertip from their hair. This is the first stage
of exiting ihraam, in which it becomes permissible to do everything except
intercourse. Then, the pilgrim should go back to Makkah & do tawaaf &
saa’i for Hajj. Then comes the second stage of exiting ihraam, after which
everything becomes permissible which was forbidden whilst in ihraam.
SHAVING THE HEAD
OR CUTTING THE HAIR FOR IFRAAD AND QIRAAN
Those who are doing Ifraad or Qiraan should now shave their
heads or cut their hair, or exit ihraam, rather they should remain in ihraam
until they exit ihraam on the day of Eid, after stoning Jamarat
al-‘Aqabah.
PUTTING ON PERFUME
WHEN ONE WANTS TO GO TO MAKKAH TO DO TAWAAF
The Sunnah is to put on perfume when one wants to go to
Makkah to do tawaaf after stoning the jamarat & shaving one’s head, because
‘Aa’isha (radiallahuanihu) said: “I used to apply perfume to the Prophet
(sallAllaahu ‘alayhiwasallam) before he entered ihram & when he exited
ihraam, before he circumambulated the House.” Bukhaari.
Then after tawaaf & saa’i, he should go back to Mina
& stay there for two night, the 11th & 12th of Dhu’l-Hijjah, &
stone the three jamarats during those two days, when the sun has passed its
zenith. It is better for him to go to the jamarats walking, but if he rides
that is acceptable. He should stone the first jamarah, which is the one that is
furthest away from Makkah & next to Masjid al-Kheef, with seven pebbles,
one after another, and say “Allaahu akbar” after each throw. Then he should go
forward a little and say a lengthy du’aa’(sunnah)
Then he should stone the middle jamarah as described above.
Then he should move to his left & stand facing the qiblah, raising his
hands, & offer a lengthy du’aa’ if he can. He should not omit to stand
& make du’aa’ because it is Sunnah.
Then he should stone Jamarat al-‘Aqabah as described above, then
he should go away & not offer a du’aa’ after that.
When he has completed the stoning of the Jamaraat on the
12th day of Dhu’l-Hijjah, if he wants he may hasten & leave Mina, & he
may delay his departure & stay till night of the 13th, & stone the three
Jamaraat after noon as he did before. It is better to delay, but it is not
obligatory unless the sun has set on the 12th & he is still in Mina, in
which case it is obligatory to stay until one has stoned the three Jamaraat
after noon on the following day. But if the sun sets on the 12th & he is
still in Mina but not by choice, such as if he had already started out &
boarded his means of transportation, but got delayed because of crowded
conditions & traffic jams etc., then he is not obliged to stay there.
DEPARTING MAKKAH
AND FAREWELL CIRCUMAMBULATION OF TAWAAF AL-WADAA’
When pilgrim wants to leave Makkah & go back to his
country, he should not leave until he has performed the farewell
circumambulation around the House (tawaaf al-wadaa’).Prophet (sallAllaahu
‘alayhiwasallam) said: “No one should leave until the last thing that he does
is (tawaaf) around the House.”(Muslim). Another version, he told the people
that the last thing they should do was (tawaaf) around the house, but he made
an exception for women who were menstruating. (Bukhaari & Muslim.)
Women who are menstruating or bleeding following childbirth
do not have to do the farewell tawaaf; neither should they stand by the door of
al-Masjid al-Haraam to bid farewell, because that was not narrated from the
Prophet (saw).
The last thing the pilgrim should do when he wants to leave
is to circumambulate the House. If after the farewell tawaaf he stays and waits
for his companions or to load his luggage or to buy something he needs on the
way, there is nothing wrong with that, and he does not have to repeat the
tawaaf, unless he intends to delay his journey, such as if he intended to
travel at the beginning of the day and he did the farewell tawaaf, then he
delays his travelling until the end of the day, for example; in this case he
has to repeat the tawaaf so that it will be the last thing he does in
Makkah.
REFERENCES
HAJJ FREQUENT FAQs,
Common Mistakes during Hajj & References:
Should a pilgrim wanting to visit the prophet’s mosque have
the intention of visiting the grave or visiting the mosque?
The miqat (specific designated place of entering ihraam), www.islamqa.info/en/135298, www.islamqa.info/en/96758
NB. Attached To Email and Whatsapp groups Is The Full PDF Format On
Rituals And Description Of Hajj And Umrah 68 Pages (parts 1 of 2 and 2 of 2).
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