THE FIFTH OF THE FIVE OBLIGATORY
FUNDAMENTAL MUSLIM
PRACTICES IS “HAJJ” (HAJJ:
STEP BY STEP)
ASSEMBLED BY MALLAM ABBA ABANA,
KUBWA, ABUJA, NIGERIA
http://variousislamicdawadocuments.blogspot.com
https://web.facebook.com/abba.abana
emails:gonidamgamiri@yahoo.com; abba.abana@gmail.com
(Whatsapp +2348104452065)
MONDAY 10TH DHUL QIDA 1439 AH– 23RD JULY 2018 CE
Bismillah Walhamdulillah Was Salaatu
Was Salaam 'ala Rasulillah. As-Salaam Alaikum Wa-Rahmatullahi Wa-Barakatuhu.
Praise be to Allaah; we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with
Allaah from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah
guides will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one
can guide. I bear witness that there is no god but Allaah, and I bear witness
that Muhammad (Sallalhu alaihi Wasalam) is His slave and Messenger.
PART 1
*PREAMBLE*
*THE
FIFTH OF THE FIVE OBLIGATORY FUNDAMENTAL MUSLIM PRACTICES IS HAJJ*
The
Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) is the fifth of the fundamental Muslim practices and
institutions known as the five pillars of Islam. Pilgrimage is not
undertaken in Islam to the shrines of saints, to monasteries for help from holy
men, or to sights where miracles are supposed to have occurred, even though we
may see many Muslims do this. Pilgrimage is made to the Kaaba, found in
the sacred city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia, the ‘House of God,’ whose sanctity
rests in that the Prophet Abraham built it for the worship of God. God
rewarded him by attributing the House to himself, in essence honoring it, and
by making it the devotional epicenter which all Muslims face when offering the
prayers (salah). The rites of pilgrimage are performed today
exactly as did by Abraham, and after him by Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon
them.
Pilgrimage
is viewed as a particularly meritorious activity. Pilgrimage serves as a
penance - the ultimate forgiveness for sins, devotion, and intense
spirituality. The pilgrimage to Mecca, the most sacred city in Islam, is
required of all physically and financially able Muslims once in their life.
The pilgrimage rite begins a few months after Ramadan, on the 8th day of
the last month of the Islamic year of Dhul-Hijjah, and ends on the 13th day.
Mecca is the center towards which the Muslims converge once a year, meet
and refresh in themselves the faith that all Muslims are equal and deserve the
love and sympathy of others, irrespective of their race or ethnic origin.
The racial harmony fostered by Hajj
is perhaps best captured by Malcolm X on his historic pilgrimage:
"Every one of the
thousands at the airport, about to leave for Jeddah, was dressed this way.
You could be a king or a peasant and no one would know. Some
powerful personages, who were discreetly pointed out to me, had on the same
thing I had on. Once thus dressed, we all had begun intermittently
calling out "Labbayka! (Allahumma) Labbayka!" (At your service, O
Lord!) Packed in the plane were white, black, brown, red, and yellow people,
blue eyes and blond hair, and my kinky red hair - all together, brothers!
All honoring the same God, all in turn giving equal honor to each other .
. .’’
Thus
the pilgrimage unites the Muslims of the world into one international
fraternity. More than two million persons perform the Hajj each year, and
the rite serves as a unifying force in Islam by bringing followers of diverse
backgrounds together in worship. In some Muslim societies, once a
believer has made the pilgrimage, he is often labeled with the title ‘hajji’;
this, however, is a cultural, rather than religious custom (please do not add
Hajja or Hajjia to your name; is innovations). Finally, the Hajj is a
manifestation of the belief in the unity of God - all the pilgrims worship and
obey the commands of the One God.
At
certain stations on the caravan routes to Mecca, or when the pilgrim passes the
point nearest to those stations, the pilgrim enters the state of purity known
as ihram. In this state, the certain ‘normal’ actions of the day and
night become impermissible for the pilgrims, such as covering the head,
clipping the fingernails, and wearing normal clothing in regards to men. Males
remove their clothing and don the garments specific to this state of ihram,
two white seamless sheets that are wrapped around the body. All this
increases the reverence and sanctity of the pilgrimage, the city of Mecca, and
month of Dhul-Hijjah. There are 5 stations, one on the coastal plains northwest
of Mecca towards Egypt and one south towards Yemen, while three lie north or
eastwards towards Medina, Iraq and Najd. The simple garb signifies the
equality of all humanity in God’s sight, and the removal of all worldly
affections. After entering the state of ihram, the pilgrim proceeds to
Mecca and awaits the start of the Hajj. On the 7th of Dhul-Hijjah the
pilgrim is reminded of his duties, and the rituals commence on the 8th
of the month. The pilgrim visits the holy places outside Mecca - Arafah,
Muzdalifah, and Minaa - prays, sacrifices an animal in commemoration of
Abraham’s sacrifice, throws pebbles at specific pillars at Minaa, and shortens
or shaves his head. The rituals also involve walking seven times around the
sacred sanctuary, or Kaaba, in Mecca, and ambulating, walking and
running, seven times between the two small hills of Mt. Safaa and Mt. Marwah.
Discussing the historical or spiritual significance of each rite is
beyond the scope of this introductory article.
Apart
from Hajj, the "minor pilgrimage" or umrah is undertaken by
Muslims during the rest of the year. Performing the umrah does not
fulfill the obligation of Hajj. It is similar to the major and obligatory
Islamic pilgrimage (hajj), and pilgrims have the choice of performing the umrah
separately or in combination with the Hajj. As in the Hajj, the pilgrim
begins the umrah by assuming the state of ihram. They enter
Mecca and circle the sacred shrine of the Kaaba seven times. He may then
touch the Black Stone, if he can, pray behind the Maqam Ibrahim, drink the holy
water of the Zamzam spring. The ambulation between the hills of Safa and
Marwah seven times and the shortening or shaving of the head complete the umrah.
In
this article we will concentrate on step by step actions of Umrah and Hajj as
could be summarized below:
1) Hajj & Umrah - Answers and
Questions
2) All About Ihram
3) How to Make `Umrah
4) Ihram
5) Tawaf
6) Sa`I (circumambulating - ambulation)
7) Shaving/Hair Cutting
8) How to Make Hajj
9) Tamattu`
10) Ifrad
11) Qiran
12) Rituals of Dhul-Hijjah 8
13) Rituals of Dhul-Hijjah 9
14) The Night of Dhul-Hijjah 9
15) Rituals of Dhul-Hijjah 10
16) Final Days of Hajj
17) Visiting Madinah
18) Merits of Madinah
19) Merits of Visiting the Prophet's
Mosque
20) Visiting the Prophet's Grave
21) Visiting the Baqi` Cemetery
22) Visiting the Qibaa' Mosque
23) Visiting Mount Uhud
It
is the season of Hajj again 1439 AH or 2018 CE. The believers' hearts are
longing for Al-Masjid Al-Haram, the Ka`bah and the sacred sites in Makkah.
Those
who are planning to observe the rituals of Hajj this year are getting prepared;
perhaps some pilgrims have already traveled to Saudi Arabia to spend some days
and nights in Madinah and visit the Prophet's Mosque and grave before undertaking
the rituals of Hajj.
*Hajj:
Step by Step, as part of its comprehensive coverage of the Hajj event.*
This
article focuses on the rituals of Hajj and `Umrah, accompanying the pilgrim
from the first steps of putting on the ihram cloth and starting Hajj, going
through the days of Hajj, day by day, till the final rituals of Hajj (the
Farewell Tawaf).
Besides,
a special section on visiting Madinah is included at the end for those who
prefer not to leave without paying a visit to the beloved Prophet (peace and
blessings be upon him).
This
article is extracted from our more comprehensive book, Your Guide to Hajj and `Umrah,
which includes extra information about preparation for the journey, both
physically and spiritually, as well as how to conduct oneself after Hajj.
We
ask Allah to accept this humble effort, make it beneficial, accept the time and
devotion of those undertaking Hajj this year 1439 AH (2018 CE) and enable those
who are not capable of observing this great worship to perform it in future years.
Ameen.
PART 2
*HAJJ AND UMRAH:
STEP BY STEP*
What
are Hajj and `Umrah and what are the differences between them?
Hajj
and `Umrah are the pilgrimages of Islam. Hajj is usually referred to as the major
pilgrimage or the Pilgrimage, and `Umrah as the lesser one.
Both
Hajj and `Umrah consist of a journey to Makkah that involves certain rituals
such as ihram, circumambulating the Ka`bah, walking between the hills of Safa
and Marwah, and shaving or cutting the hair.
The
above are the basic rituals of `Umrah while Hajj has these and additional
rituals, including spending days and nights in `Arafah, Mina, and Muzdalifah -
areas neighboring the city of Makkah.
Another
difference between the major and minor pilgrimages is that there is a
prescribed time for Hajj whereas `Umrah can be performed at any time in the
year.
In
addition, Hajj and `Umrah differ regarding the ruling of each of them, as
discussed below.
*What
is the ruling of Hajj and `Umrah?*
Hajj
is one of the pillars of Islam. Allah says in the Qur'an {And pilgrimage to the
House is a duty unto Allah formankind, for him who can find a way thither} (Holy
Quran Aal`Imran 3:97).
`Abdullah
ibn `Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) quoted the Prophet (peace and
blessings be upon him) as saying "Islam has been built on five [pillars]:
testifying that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammed is the Messenger of
Allah, performing the prayers, paying the zakah, making the pilgrimage to the
House, and fasting in Ramadan."
So,
Muslim scholars are unanimously agreed that Hajj is obligatory once in a
lifetime for those eligible. What makes people eligible is discussed in this
article below.
As
for `Umrah, Muslim scholars disagree whether it is obligatory or merely a
recommended Sunnah. However, it is better to perform it in order to be on the
safe side. You can choose the mode of Hajj known as tamatu` which combines both
`Umrah and Hajj. More information on tamatu` and the other modes of Hajj are
provided later.
*WHO IS ELIGIBLE TO
PERFORM HAJJ?*
Hajj
is obligatory on male and female Muslims who meet the following conditions:
a.
*Muslim*
The
acts of worship are accepted only from Muslims. If non-Muslims pray, fast, or
perform Hajj or `Umrah, their acts will never be accepted since the first and
foremost requirement, that of being a Muslim, is absent.
b.
*Reaching puberty*
Attaining
the age of puberty is the second condition. Little boys and girls are not
required to do Hajj or `Umrah. It is acceptable and rewardable to let them
participate with their families in performing Hajj and `Umrah, but they are still
required to do Hajj and `Umrah again when they reach the age of puberty, which
can be verified by meeting one of the following criteria:
1.
Having a wet dream
2.
Ejaculating semen
3.
Reaching the age of 15 or so
4.
Growing pubic hair
5.
Menstruating
c.
*Sane*
Insane
people are not required to perform the acts of worship until they regain their
sanity.
d.
*Having the ability*
As
it is clear from the above verse, Hajj is only required from those able to do
it. The ability mentioned here is in terms of three things:
1.
*Health*
People
who are ill and are not expected to recover or to be able to perform Hajj in
the future, or who are too old to perform Hajj are excused from Hajj. However,
if they are financially able, they have to send another person to perform Hajj
on their behalf.
2.
*Financial ability*
People
should also be able to afford the costs of Hajj and to leave enough money for
these they are responsible for.
Muslims
are not required to take loans to perform Hajj or `Umrah. Actually, Hajj is not
obligatory on those who are in debt.
However,
if someone has a long-term loan and they are required to pay only a certain
amount each month, then their debt is only that which is due each month. If
they pay off all the debt and then nothing is left with them to make Hajj, then
Hajj is not obligatory on them. But if they only pay their monthly dues and
then have enough money to make Hajj, then they should make Hajj because it is
obligatory on them.
If
someone is in debt and their creditor allows them to go for Hajj, then they can
perform Hajj. If someone takes a loan to perform Hajj and makes Hajj, their
Hajj is valid, although they were not required to perform it and Hajj was not
obligatory on them.
3.
*Safety*
If
traveling to Hajj would risk someone's life, such as if there were a war or the
like (ie insecurity), they are not required to perform Hajj because they are
unable to do so safely.
PART 3
*WHAT ARE THE MODES OF HAJJ?*
There
are three modes of Hajj: IFRAD, TAMATU` AND QIRAN:
a.
*IFRAD involves performing
the rituals of Hajj only*.
b.
*Tamatu` involves a complete `Umrah and a complete Hajj, each separated from
the other*. This means that the `Umrah is performed first in the months of Hajj
and after completing it, one goes out of the state of ihram. Afterwards, on
Dhul-Hijjah 8, one initiates ihram once again for performing Hajj.
c.
*Qiran is a combination of `Umrah and Hajj, performed with no break between
them*. After performing `Umrah, one remains in the state of ihram until
starting the rituals of Hajj on Dhul-Hijjah 8.
*ALL ABOUT IHRAM*
After
you have made the necessary preparations -paid your debts (Many people are
unaware of debts, let them check authentic Hadith), repented, absolved yourself
of any Wrongdoing toward others, etc. - you are ready to take the first step in
the blessed journey: ihram.
*WHAT IS IHRAM?*
The
word ihram is used for three meanings:
1.
*The two pieces of cloth worn by male pilgrims.*
2.
*The very act of starting Hajj or `Umrah by making the intention that one is
now starting Hajj or `Umrah and saying the Talbiyah.*
3.
*The state of consecration in which the pilgrims are during Hajj or `Umrah.*
So
after putting on ihram (first meaning) and making the intention of ihram
(second meaning), the pilgrims enter automatically the state of ihram (third
meaning), which requires them to avoid certain things.
Below
are more details on ihram in its three senses.
*HOW DO I PUT ON
IHRAM?*
Cleanliness
is recommended before putting on the clothing of ihram. It is recommended that
you clip finger and toe nails, shave off armpit and pubic hair, comb the hair
and beard, trim
the
moustache, bathe (perform ghusl) or at least make wudu'.
Men,
but not women, are also recommended to put on perfume.
For
men, the clothing of ihram comprises two sheets of cloth.
One
is wrapped round the upper part of the body except the head. It is normally
draped over both shoulders but in certain times it is to be draped over one
shoulder. This will be discussed later in the article. The other is wrapped
round the lower part of the body. You can fix this piece by a belt, a money
belt, or a pin.
For
women, the ihram is ordinary loose-fitting clothes that cover all of the body
except the face and hands. In some countries it is a tradition for women to
wear special clothes, such as white dresses or black cloaks, for ihram, but
this is not required.
There
are no restrictions as for women's footwear. But for men, footwear should not
cover the toes and ankles. Socks and shoes, therefore, should not be used by
men.
Putting
on ihram is the first step in Hajj and `Umrah. As mentioned above, you first
put on ihram and then make the intention of starting Hajj or `Umrah (the second
meaning of ihram).
You
can put on ihram in your home or wherever you want, provided that when you
intend to start Hajj or `Umrah, you are dressed in the clothing of ihram.
As
you will see later in this section, there are prescribed places that you should
not pass before putting on ihram and making the intention of starting Hajj or
`Umrah.
PART 4
*HOW, WHERE, AND
WHEN DO I START PILGRIMAGE?*
Now
after putting on the clothing of ihram, you are ready to start your pilgrimage
by making the intention of starting Hajj or `Umrah.
It
is recommended to make the intention after performing one of the obligatory
prayers or after praying two rak`ahs.
You
express this intention by saying, in the case of `Umrah, "Labbayka,
Allahuma, `Umrah" (O Allah, I answer Your call by performing `Umrah).
As
for Hajj, the intention varies according to the mode of Hajj you choose:
1.
In *IFRAD Hajj*, you are
going to perform only Hajj and therefore you make the intention of Hajj saying *"Labbayka,
Allahuma, Hajjan" *(O Allah, I answer Your call by performing Hajj).
2.
In tamatu` Hajj, you are going to perform a full `Umrah followed by a break and
then a full Hajj. Therefore, you make the intention of `Umrah saying:
*"Labbayk,
Allahuma, `Umrah"*
O Allah, I answer Your call by performing `Umrah
On
Dhul-Hijjah 8, you start Hajj so you make then the intention of Hajj saying "Labbayk, Allahuma, Hajjan" (O
Allah, I answer Your call by performing Hajj).
3.
In qiran Hajj, you are going to combine `Umrah with Hajj, so you make the
intention of both `Umrah and Hajj saying:
"Labbayk,
Allahuma, `Umratan wa Hajjan"
O Allah, I answer Your call by performing `Umrah and Hajj There are certain
places at which you should make your intention. These places are called mawaqit
(plural of miqat).
You
should not pass your fixed miqat without putting on the cloth of ihram and
making the intention of ihram. These are five places:
1.
Dhul-Hulaifah, a place southwest of Madinah and 18 km from its mosque. It is
the miqat for the people coming from Madinah and beyond.
2.
Dhat-`Irq, a place 94 km to the northeast of Makkah. It is the miqat for the
people coming from Iraq and beyond.
3.
Al-Juhfah, a place 187 km to the northwest of Makkah. This was the miqat for
the people coming from or passing through Syria and Egypt. It was on the
eastern coast of the Red Sea, but it has completely disappeared and Rabigh (to
the north of Al-Juhfah) is used as the substitute for this miqat now.
4.
Qarn Al-Manazil, 94 km to the east of Makkah. It is the miqat for the people of
Najd and the pilgrims who pass by it.
5.
Yalamlam, 54 km to the south of Makkah. It is the miqat for those coming from
Yemen and the pilgrims who pass by it. If you are traveling by land, it is easy
to stop at the miqat and make the intention. People traveling by air are
usually notified when reaching the miqat or a short time before so that they
can make the intention (check that with your Hajj company Pilgrim Welfare
Boards in advance). In such a case you are supposed to be ready, having put on
your ihram clothing in advance.
As
mentioned in the article "Hajj FAQs", there is a prescribed time for
Hajj: the months of Shawwal, Dhul-Qi`dah and Dhul-Hijjah.
So
making the intention of Hajj should take place in the period from Shawwal 1 to
Dhul-Hijjah 9. It is not possible to start Hajj on Dhul-Hijjah 10 or afterwards
because this means missing the ritual of staying in `Arafah on the day or night
of Dhul-Hijjah 9, which is one of the pillars of Hajj.
PART 5
*WHAT ARE THE
PROHIBITIONS WHILE IN THE STATE OF IHRAM?*
Having
started Hajj or `Umrah, you are now in the state of ihram. From now until you
finish the `Umrah or until you are done with the major tasks of Hajj, you are
supposed to abandon certain things (called mahzurat al-ihram) or the don'ts of
the state of ihram. They are the following:
1.
Clipping nails and shaving hair from any part of the body.
2.
Using perfume in any way.
3.
Making foreplay, speaking lustful words, touching your spouse with desire, and
having sexual intercourse.
4.
Contracting marriage.
5.
Hunting or eating from game meat: Pilgrims are forbidden to hunt, help in
hunting, or eat of any land game prepared for their sake, at their suggestion,
or with their help.
6.
For men, covering the head or wearing clothes sewn to fit the body's limbs. So
wearing shirts, robes, trousers, turbans, hats, gloves, socks, etc. is
prohibited.
7.
For women, wearing Niqab or gloves.
PART 6
*HOW TO MAKE `UMRAH*
As
mentioned in the above "FAQs on Hajj and `Umrah", `Umrah is the
lesser pilgrimage. It involves ihram, Tawaf (circumambulating the Ka`bah), Sa`i
(walking between mounts of Safa and Marwah), and shaving or cutting the hair.
1. *IHRAM*
The
first steps in your `Umrah are to put on the clothing of ihram and to make the
intention of `Umrah. For more information on ihram and its restrictions, refer
to the section "All About Ihram."
After
making the intention of ihram, try to spend your time in remembering Allah,
reading the Qur'an, and supplicating. It is recommended also to chant Talbiyah
frequently. The words
of
Talbiyah are: *Labbayka Allahumma
labbayk. Labbayka la shareeka laka labbayk. Inna al-hamda wa-n-ni`mata laka
wal-mulk. La shareeka lak.* Here I am at Your service, O Lord, here I am.
Here I am at Your service. You have no partners. Yours alone is all praise and
all bounty, and Yours alone is sovereignty. You have no partners.
Male
pilgrims are recommended to raise up their voices when repeating the words of
Talbiyah. Males and females repeat Talbiyah until they start Tawaf.
2. *TAWAF*
The
first ritual to perform after arriving in Makkah is Tawaf. There is no problem
if you rest before going to Tawaf if you feel tired. When you reach Makkah,
leave your baggage in the hotel or in a safe place, and prepare yourself for
Tawaf by performing ghusl (ritual bathing), if possible, or at least wudu'
(ablution).
Scholars
have two opinions regarding the necessity of purity (taharah) for Tawaf. Some
scholars hold that you must have wudu' before Tawaf and others deem it
unnecessary.
The
latter opinion is stronger since the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
did not ask people accompanying him in his pilgrimage to make wudu' for Tawaf.
According to this opinion, someone who loses wudu' before or in the middle of Tawaf
need not renew it; they can make Tawaf without wudu'.
It
is up to you to choose either of the opinions.
Menstruating
women cannot do Tawaf until they are pure and have performed ghusl.
For
men, it is recommended that you drape the upper piece of ihram over your left
shoulder only, exposing the right one.
This
is called idtiba`. It was practiced by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon
him) and his Companions when they made `Umrah in 7 AH. At the time, the
polytheists claimed that the fever of Madinah weakened Muslims, so the Prophet ordered
his Companions to uncover their right shoulders and to jog in the first three
rounds to show the polytheists their strength.
On
entering the Sacred Mosque (Al-Masjid Al-Haram), it is recommended to say the
du`aa' of entering mosques:
*A`udhu
bi-llahi al-`azheem, wa bi-wajhihi al-kareem, wa sultanihial-qadeem,minaash-shaitaniar-rajeem.
Allahumma salli `ala Muhammad. Allahumma ighifirli dhunubi waftah li abwaba
rahmatik.*
I
seek refuge with Allah the Supreme, I seek refuge with His honored face, with
His everlasting authority, from the cursed Devil. In the name of Allah. O
Allah, Bless Muhammad! O Allah!
Forgive
my sins and open Your doors of mercy for me. Now you are ready to start Tawaf.
Tawaf
involves walking around the Ka`bah seven times. Each round starts and ends with
the Black Stone, with the Ka`bah being on your left side.
If
it is possible to reach the Black Stone, kiss it quietly; if it is not, you can
touch it and kiss your hand or just face it and point at it saying
"Bismillah, Allahu Akbar" (In the name of Allah, Allah is the
Greatest).
In
the first three rounds, males are recommended to jog from the Black Stone to
the Yemeni corner, the third of the Ka`bah's corners and the one preceding the
Black Stone.
While
doing Tawaf, busy yourself with dhikr (remembrance of Allah) and supplication.
You are in a very blessed time and a very blessed place, so do not miss the
chance. Pray to Allah to
forgive
your sins, to dispel your worries, to grant you the benefits of the world and
the hereafter, and to give you whatever favors you would like.
Show
humbleness and genuine need to Allah, and ask Him the Almighty for you, your
parents, your family, and the whole Muslim Ummah.
When
you reach the Yemeni corner try to touch it if possible.
If
you can't, you need not point at it or do anything. Supplicate Allah until you
reach the Black Stone saying:
*Rabbana
a`tina fi ad-dunya hasanatan wa fi al-akhirati hasanatan wa qina `adhaba
an-nar.*
Our
Lord! Grant us good in this world and good in the hereafter, and save us from
the punishment of the Fire.
After
finishing Tawaf, pray two rak`ahs behind Maqam Ibrahim (the Station of Ibrahim)
or a little bit away from it.
Recite
Surat Al-Kafirun (Surah 109) in the firstrak`ah and Surat Al-Ikhlas (Surah 112)
in the second rak`ah.
Be
careful of the following things:
It
is recommended that you drink Zamzam water after you have finished Tawaf and
the two-rak`ah prayer.
1) Do not crowd to kiss the Black Stone
or to touch the Yemeni corner.
2) Make sure that Hijr Isma`il (the
Enclosure of Isma`il – the arch between the north and the west corners of the
Ka`bah) is included in your Tawaf. This place is considered part of the Ka`bah
and therefore your circumambulation should be outside it.
3) If you are unable to perform the
two-rak`ah prayer after Tawaf at Maqam Ibrahim, you can perform it any place in
the mosque. Some people insist on performing it at the Maqam, disturbing the
smooth movement of the pilgrims; this is not a proper act.
Note
also that what is obligatory in Tawaf is just making the seven rounds, starting
and ending with the Black Stone and keeping the Ka`bah on your left side. The
supplications mentioned above, kissing the Black Stone or pointing at it, touching
the Yemeni corner, praying two rak`ahs after Tawaf, etc. are recommended. Your
Tawaf is not damaged if you missed any of them.
PART 7
3. *SA`I*
The
next step in your `Umrah is to make Sa`i between As-Safa and Al-Marwah mounts.
If you feel tired after performing Tawaf, you can take a break before heading
to As-Safa to start Sa`i. Wudu' is not necessary for Sa`i. When you are ready,
do the following steps:
a.
Head to As-Safa. When you are about
to reach it, recite the following verse:
{InnaAs-Safawal-Marwata
min sha`airi-llah} (Holy Quran Al-Baqarah 2:158); Surely As-Safa and Al-Marwah
are among thesigns appointed by Allah
b.
Then say "I start my Sa`I from the place which Allah mentioned first"
(that is, As-Safa mentioned in the above verse).
c.
Ascend As-Safa. It is easy nowadays
to ascend both As-Safa and Al-Marwah; they are paved and covered with marble.
In addition, the two mounts are not that high, and you need not climb to their
top. You just have to walk back and forth the full distance between these two
points.
If
any part of this distance is left untraversed, the Sa`i will remain incomplete.
This requires ascending even a small part of both mounts, but it is recommended
that you go up until you are able to see the Ka`bah.
d.
Face the Ka`bah and say *La ilaha
illa Allah, Allahu Akbar. La ilaha illa Allah wahdahu la shareeka lah, lahu
al-mulku wa lahu al-hamdu wa huwa `ala kulli shai'in qadir. La ilaha illa Allah
wahdah, anjaz wa`dah, wa nasar `abdah, wa a`az jundah wa hazam al-ahzab wahdah.*
There
is no god but Allah, Allah is the Greatest. There is no god but Allah. He has
no partners. To Him belong the sovereignty and all praise. He has power over
all things.
There
is no god but Allah. He has fulfilled His promise, given victory to His
servant, and He alone defeated the confederates.
e.
Start performing the Sa`i by walking
from As-Safa to Al-Marwah. The distance between the two mounts is about 420
meters. If you are a male, it is recommended that you hasten between the two
green signs. On reaching Al-Marwah, ascend it, face the Ka`bah, and repeat what
you said on As-Safa. You have now completed one of the seven parts of Sa`i.
f.
Go back to As-Safa, walking easily. Again, if you are male, hasten on reaching
the green sign.
g.
Keep on remembering Allah and supplicating Him while going between As-Safa and
Al-Marwah.
h.
Repeat the same steps in each of the seven parts. Going from As-Safa to
Al-Marwah is reckoned as one part, and the return to Al-Safa is another part.
Sa`i, therefore, begins with Al-Safa and ends at Al-Marwah.
4.
*SHAVING OR CUTTING THE HAIR*
Just
one step is remaining, that is shaving or cutting the hair on your head. If you
are a male, you should have your hair either completely shaved or shortened. If
you intend to make
Hajj
shortly after `Umrah (tamattu` mode), you are advised to shorten your hair
because you are going to shave or shorten it as part of your Hajj. If you are a
female, you should shorten your hair slightly.
PART 8
*HOW TO MAKE HAJJ*
The
first steps in Hajj are to put on the clothing of ihram and then to make the intention
of ihram at the miqat.
The
intention of ihram varies according to the mode of Hajj you choose. For
detailed information on ihram, its etiquettes, its exact location, time limits,
and its restrictions, refer to the section "All About Ihram above."
What
to do after that depends on the mode of Hajj as follows:
*TAMATTU*
Having
made the intention of `Umrah, you should make a full `Umrah. After finishing
it, you automatically go out of the state of ihram. The restrictions of ihram
no longer apply to
*IFRAD* you until you go into the
state of ihram once again on Dhul-Hijjah 8, this time for making Hajj.
Having
arrived at Makkah, you make the Tawaf of Arrival (Tawaf Al-Qudum), which is
recommended, not obligatory.
It
is performed in the same way the Tawaf of `Umrah is performed. (For more
details on how to perform Tawaf, you can review the section "How to Make
`Umrah.")
After
performing the Tawaf of Arrival, you can make the Sa`I of your Hajj. This Sa`i
is obligatory and is one of the pillars of Hajj. You can do it either after the
Tawaf of Arrival or after the second Tawaf of Hajj - Tawaf Al-Ifadah.
You
remain in the state of ihram until you are done with the major rituals of the
`Eid day, Dhul-Hijjah 10. It is recommended to repeat Talbiyah from time to
time until you cast the pebbles of Al-`Aqabah on the day of `Eid.
*QIRAN*
Generally
speaking, pilgrims who perform Qiran perform the same rituals of ifrad with one
exception, they have to offer hadi (animal slaughtered in Makkah as a gift for
its poor people.)
PART 9
*RITUALS OF DHUL-HIJJAH
8*
If
you are performing tamattu` Hajj, put on your ihram clothing again and make the
intention of Hajj saying "Labbayka Allahuma Hajjan" (O Allah, I
answer Your call by performing Hajj.) Now you are ready to undertake the
rituals of Hajj. Pilgrims who perform ifrad or qiran Hajj are already in the
state of ihram so they skip this step.
On
the morning of Dhul-Hijjah 8, it is recommended for all pilgrims to go to Mina
where they spend the rest of the day and the night, performing five prayers
there, namely Zhuhr, `Asr, Maghrib, `Isha' and the Fajr of Dhul-Hijjah 9, shortening
the prayers of Zhuhr,`Asr, and`Isha' to two rak`ahs.
PART 10
*RITUALS OF
DHUL-HIJJAH 9*
After
the sun rises on Dhul-Hijjah 9, pilgrims leave Mina to `Arafah. Staying in
`Arafah is a major pillar of Hajj. The Prophet said, "Hajj is (staying in)
`Arafah."
The
time for staying in `Arafah starts from the Zhuhr Prayer of Dhul-Hijjah 9 and
ends at the Fajr Prayer on Dhul-Hijjah 10.
Staying
for any portion of time within this range is acceptable.
The
Prophet stayed in `Arafah until the sun set, and therefore some scholars hold
that pilgrims should not leave `Arafah before sunset.
The
preponderant opinion, however, is that this is not necessary, especially if there
is a need for leaving `Arafah earlier.
In
`Arafah you pray Zhuhr and `Asr, joining them at the time of Zhuhr if possible,
and shortening each of them to two rak`ahs.
While
being in `Arafah, you should busy yourself with dhikr, du`aa', and asking for
Allah's forgiveness. The Day of `Arafah is a very blessed day. `A'ishah (may
Allah be pleased with
her)
narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said,
There
is no day in which Allah frees a greater number of His slaves from the Hellfire
than the Day of `Arafah. Allah comes close to His slaves and boasts about them
to the angels, then asks (a rhetorical question): "What do these slaves
seek?" (Muslim)
The
Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also said, The best supplication is
that of the Day of `Arafah, and the best thing that I and other Prophets before
me said, is:
La
ilaha illa allahu wahdahu la sharika lah, lahu al-mulku wa lahu al-hamdu wa
huwa `ala kulli shai'in qadeer.
There
is no god but Allah alone. He has no partners. To Him belong the sovereignty
and all praise. He has power over all things.
PART 11
*MISTAKES TO BE
AVOIDED AT `ARAFAH*
1) Some pilgrims do not recite the
Talbiyah aloud on their way from Mina to `Arafah. It was proven that the
Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) continued to recite the Talbiyah
until he threw the pebbles of Al-`Aqabah on the day of `Eid.
2) One of the most serious mistakes that
some pilgrims make is to stop outside `Arafah and then stay there until the sun
sets, after which they leave for Muzdalifah. Those who stand in these places
have not performed Hajj. There are big and clear signs showing the boundaries
of `Arafah.
3) Some people think that they have to
go to the place where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood
beside the mountain and to stand there. They put themselves through a great
deal of trouble in order to reach that place. This is wrong. It was proven that
the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "I am standing here
but all of `Arafah is the place of standing."
4) Some pilgrims think that the mountain
by which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood is holy, so they
go and climb it seeking blessings from the stones and soil around it. These are
unacceptable bid`ahs (innovations in religion).
5) Some people think that it is
essential to pray Zhuhr and `Asr Prayers with the imam in the mosque, seeking
that place from far away. This causes them a great deal of difficulty and many
of them go astray. There is no need for all of that. It is enough to pray in
your place.
PART 12
*THE NIGHT OF
DHUL-HIJJAH 9*
After
spending some time in `Arafah, preferably from Zhuhr till Maghrib Prayers, you
leave to Muzdalifah. On your way from `Arafah, keep remembering Allah and
seeking His forgiveness.
On
reaching Muzdalifah, join Maghrib and `Isha' Prayers at the time of the latter;
three rak`ahs for Maghrib and two for `Isha'.
If
you fear that you may miss these prayers due to the throng of people at
Muzdalifah, then you may perform prayers on your way to it.
Then
when you reach Muzdalifah, you can sleep till dawn. This is the Sunnah of the
Prophet.
However,
according to some scholars you can leave after midnight. The Maliki school even
holds that it is adequate to pray Maghrib and `Isha' in Muzdalifah, have a
meal, and then leave for Mina. This opinion is preferred by the prominent scholar
Dr. Yusuf Al-Qaradawi because of the huge number of pilgrims these years.
Take
note of this: Muzdalifah is an open area; you will find no tents there. So
remember to ask your journey's organizers if they will provide you with
blankets or sleeping bags; these will prove very useful, especially if it is
cold that night.
PART 13
*RITUALS OF
DHUL-HIJJAH 10*
As
mentioned above, you may leave Muzdalifah after midnight, especially if your
family is accompanying you on Hajj. If you are strong and young, you may follow
the Prophet's Sunnah, spending the whole night in Muzdalifah and praying the
Fajr Prayer there. After Fajr, the Prophet headed to Al-Mash`ar Al-Haram,
supplicated Allah until the twilight became clear, and then moved to Mina
before the sun rose.
After
arriving at Mina, there are four rituals to do:
1.
Throwing the pebbles
2.
Slaughtering the hadi animal
3.
Shaving or cutting the hair
4.
Making Tawaf Al-Ifadah
1.
*THROWING THE PEBBLES*. The
first ritual on Dhul-Hijjah 10 is to throw pebbles at Jamrat Al-`Aqabah, also
called Al-Jamarah Al-Kubra. Seven pebbles (not bigger than beans) should be
thrown into the Jamrah basin. You may collect the pebbles from Muzdalifah or
from wherever you like, but do not use the pebbles thrown by other pilgrims.
It
is a good idea to collect all the pebbles you will use throughout the three or
four days (Dhul-Hijah 10-13). If you intend to spend three days in Mina after
the day of `Eid, then you will need 70 pebbles. If you intend to spend just two
days after `Eid, then you need only 49 pebbles.
The
Prophet threw the pebbles when he reached Mina after sunrise of Dhul-Hijjah 10.
Women
and weak persons are allowed to spend half the night in Muzdalifah and then go to
Mina, where they are allowed to throw the pebbles when they arrive, even if it
is before the Fajr Prayer of Dhul-Hijjah 10. The time of throwing pebbles
extends until the Fajr Prayer of Dhul-Hijjah 11.
When
throwing the pebbles, make sure that they fall in the basin of the Jamrah. The
pillar of the Jamrah is merely a sign indicating the throwing place. So hitting
the pillar is not required. Actually, a pebble hitting the pillar and not
falling in the basin is not counted. It is recommended to say "Bismillah, Allahu
Akbar" when throwing each pebble.
Note
the Following
1) Cease reciting Talbiyah when you
start throwing pebbles.
From now on repeat the Takbir of
`Eid:
Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akba, La ilaha
illa Allah Wallahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, wa lillahi al-hamd. Allah is the
Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, there is no god but Allah. And Allah is the
Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, and to Him belongs all praise.
2) Take extra pebbles with you. It may
happen that one or more pebbles miss the basin.
3) Never take luggage with you. Tragic
stampede accidents occurred in past years because luggage blocked the way.
4) Try to choose suitable times. Never
try to throw pebbles when the place is crowded.
5) Take care of your money and important
documents when going to throw pebbles and in any crowded place. Unfortunately,
some thieves do not care for the sacredness of the place and time of Hajj and
exploit such big gatherings in robbing the pilgrims.
6) If you lose your shoe, never bend
down to take it. This could put you in a serious risk of being trampled.
PART 14
2.
*SLAUGHTERING THE HADI ANIMAL*
People
who perform tamattu` or qiran Hajj are required to slaughter an animal and give
it as a gift for the poor of Makkah. This animal is called hadi.
The
animals that can be slaughtered as hadi are sheep, goats, cows, and camels. One
sheep or one goat is enough for one person; whereas seven persons can share in
one cow or camel.
You
may eat part of your hadi, give part of it as a gift to whomever you like, and
distribute the rest among the poor of Makkah.
According
to some scholars, at least half of the hadi should go to the poor. Do not give
the butcher any part of the hadi in lieu of his wage.
The
following conditions should be met in your hadi:
1) A goat should be no less than 1 year
old; a sheep no less than 6 months on condition that it is fat; a cow no less
than 2 years; and a camel 5 years.
2) The animal should be healthy and free
from physical defects. It should not be one-eyed, limping, mangy, or very thin
and weak.
You
may find it difficult to slaughter and distribute the hadi meat. So the Islamic
Development Bank has set up booths around Makkah and Mina to facilitate the
purchase of coupons for slaughtering and distributing hadi animals.
PART 15
3.
*SHAVING OR CUTTING HAIR*
The
next step is to shave or cut your hair. A woman is required to gather her hair
and cut a small amount from the end of it.
In
Mina, there are places reserved for barbers near the Jamarat where you can have
your hair shaved or cut. Women can cut their hair in their tents by themselves
or with the help of other women or mahrams (non-marriageable male relatives).
After
throwing the pebbles and shaving or cutting your hair, you are partially
absolved of the state of ihram and may change into other clothes. All the
restrictions of ihram cease to be in effect with one exception: intimate
relations with your spouse. This restriction remains in force until you make
Tawaf Al-Ifadah.
4.
*TAWAF AL-IFADAH*
The
last ritual on Dhul-Hijjah 10 is making Tawaf Al-Ifadah. This Tawaf is an
indispensable pillar of Hajj. It differs from the Tawaf of `Umrah in two
things:
1.
There is no idtiba` (exposing the right shoulder for men) in it, simply because
people in this Tawaf do not wear ihram. They are permitted to wear their
ordinary clothes after throwing the pebbles and shaving or cutting their hair.
2.
There is no ramal (jogging) in it. Otherwise, it is done in the same way Tawaf
of `Umrah is
done.
It is recommended to perform Tawaf Al-Ifadah on Dhul-Hijjah 10, especially if
women fear that their period might start before they make Tawaf. Yet it is
acceptable to delay it until
before
leaving Makkah; in this way you do not need to make Tawaf Al-Wada` (Tawaf of
leaving or Farewell Tawaf). If you are performing tamattu` Hajj, you need not
to make Sa`i after Tawaf Al-Ifadah according to some scholars. The Sa`i of
`Umrah is enough. However, some scholars deem it obligatory to make a second
Sa`i.
If
you are performing ifrad or qiran hajj and you have already made Sa`i after the
Tawaf of arrival, you do not need to make another Sa`i. If you did not make
Sa`i after the Tawaf of
arrival,
you have to make it after Tawaf Al-Ifadah.
PART 16
5.
*LEAVING TO MINA*
After
finishing the above rituals of Dhul-Hijjah 10th, you are done with the major
rituals of Hajj and you are totally absolved from the state of ihram. All the
restrictions of ihram, including intimate relations with your spouse, are no
longer applicable to you.
However,
these rituals of Hajj still remain:
1.
Spending two or three nights in Mina
2.
Throwing the pebbles
3.
Making the farewell Tawaf
PART 17
*FINAL DAYS OF HAJJ*
1.
*SPENDING NIGHTS IN MINA*
You
have to spend two or three nights following the first day of `Eid in Mina. If
you intend to spend just two nights in Mina, you have to leave before the
Maghrib Prayer of Dhul-Hijjah 12.
Throughout
the three days following the first day of `Eid you are not obliged to stay in
Mina in the daytime, yet staying in Mina is the sunnah.
These
three days are called the Days of Tashreeq. The Prophet (peace and blessings be
upon him) is reported to have said, "The Days of Tashreeq are days drinking,
and remembering Allah." of eating, It is recommended, therefore, that you
repeat the Takbir of `Eid throughout these days, especially after each prayer.
2.
*THROWING PEBBLES AT THE THREE
JAMARAT*
On
each day of Dhul-Hajjah 11-13, you throw pebbles at the three Jamarat, starting
with the small Jamarah (Al-Jamarat As-Sughra), then the middle one (Al-Jamarat
Al-Wusta), and
finally
the big Jamarah (Al-Jamarat Al-Kubra).
The
time for throwing the pebbles starts from the Fajr Prayer of each day and
extends to the next day's Fajr Prayer.
Some
people insist that the time for throwing the pebbles starts after Zhuhr Prayer;
this is the opinion of some scholars but it is a weak one. Furthermore, it
poses a great difficulty on both pilgrims and Saudi authorities because of the
huge number of pilgrims.
Throw
seven pebbles into the basin of each Jamarah, saying "Bismillah, Allahu
Akbar" when throwing each pebble.
After
finishing the first Jamarah (the small one), it is recommended that you stand
and supplicate Allah Almighty as long as you can. It is recommended that you
also do so after
you
finish the second Jamarah (the middle one).
If
you plan to spend only two days and nights in Mina, you throw the pebbles on
Dhul-Hijjah 11 and 12 only.
3.
*MAKING THE FAREWELL TAWAF*
Now
that you are going to leave the sacred sites, you have to bid farewell to the
sacred mosque and refresh your eyes with the sight of the Ka`bah before
departing.
This
is done by performing Tawaf Al-Wada` (Farewell Tawaf), which you should do immediately
before leaving Makkah.
This
Tawaf is performed in the same way as Tawaf Al-Ifadah; no idtiba` (exposing the
right shoulder) or ramal (jogging) is involved.
You
may prefer to delay Tawaf Al-Ifadah until you are about to leave Makkah. This
practice is acceptable, but note that the intention of this Tawaf should be
that it is Tawaf Al-Ifadah.
After
finishing it, you need not make another special Tawaf for leaving.
A
menstruating woman need not make the Farewell Tawaf so long as she has already
made Tawaf Al-Ifadah. But if she has not made Tawaf Al-Ifadah yet, she has to
stay until she is pure and performs ghusl (ritual bathing) and then she can make
Tawaf Al-Ifadah (which would serve also as the Farewell Tawaf if she leaves
directly after it).
If
such waiting would pose an unbearable difficulty on her, for example if she
would miss her flight, she is allowed to make Tawaf Al-Ifadah even if she has
her period. This opinion is held by the prominent scholars Ibn Taymiyah and Ibn
Al-Qayyim and is preferred by Dr. Yusuf Al-Qaradawi.
PART 18
*VISITING MADINAH*
Visiting
Madinah is not a rite of Hajj or `Umrah, but the unique merits of the Prophet's
city and his mosque attract every pilgrim to visit it.
Muslims'
hearts are always drawn to the city that witnessed the construction of the
edifice of Islam and from which the shining rays of the message spread.
Muslims
are always eager to visit the city they have cherished for long and to pray in
the mosque established by their beloved Prophet. Such a visit revives the
Muslims' faith and devotion and reminds them of the great sacrifices and
tireless endeavor of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his
Companions to deliver to us the invaluable gift of Islam.
Because
visiting Madinah is not part of Hajj, you may choose whether you will visit
Madinah, and if so, whether before or after the Hajj or `Umrah. There is no
ihram or Talbiyah for the visit to Madinah or the Prophet's Mosque.
PART 19
*MERITS OF MADINAH*
Madinah
is the city that accommodated the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and
his Companions when they migrated from Makkah. At the time, the Muslim
residents of Madinah, known as the Ansar (the Helpers), showed unbelievable
generosity and solidarity with the Muhajirun (the Immigrants). Together, the
Muhajirun and the Ansar struggled to uphold the cause of Islam and to convey
its message to all corners of the globe.
The
Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) highlighted the merits of Madinah:
"It
(Madinah) expels the (bad) persons from it, as fire expels the impurities of
iron." (Al-Bukhari) And he supplicated Allah on its behalf:
"O
Allah! Bestow on Madinah twice the blessings You bestowed on Makkah."
(Al-Bukhari)
Anas
(may Allah be pleased with him) related that whenever the Prophet returned from
a journey and observed the walls of Madinah, he would make his mount go fast
because of his
love
for Madinah. (Al-Bukhari)
PART 20
*MERITS OF VISITING THE PROPHET'S MOSQUE*
The
Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) participated inthe construction of
this mosque, called it "my mosque," andled prayers in it for years.
Visiting this mosque and praying init are immensely rewarding. The Prophet
(peace and blessingsbe upon him) said,"One prayer in my mosque is better than
one thousand prayers in any other mosque excepting Al-Masjid Al-Haram (of
Makkah)."
Imagine!
One prayer earns you a reward better than making a thousand prayers. So you
should
Visiting
Madinah seize the opportunity of being in Madinah and pray as many prayers in
the Prophet's Mosque as possible.
Moreover,
the mosque has a very special place; a garden fromParadise (Ar-Rawdah). The
Prophet (peace and blessings beupon him) said,"The space between my house
and my pulpit is agarden of the gardens of Paradise." (Al-Bukhari)
When
entering the mosque, start with your right foot. Saythe du`aa' of entering
mosques:
A`udhu
bi-llahi al-`azheem, wa bi-wajhihi al-kareem,
wasultanihial-qadeem,minaash-shaitaniar-rajeem.
Allahumma
salli `ala Muhammad. Allahumma ighfirli dhunubi waftah li abwaba rahmatik.
I
seek refuge with Allah the Supreme, I seek refuge with His honored face, with
His everlasting authority, from thecursed Devil. In the name of Allah. O Allah,
bless Muhammad! O Allah! Forgive my sins and open Your doors of mercy for me.
PART 21
*VISITING THE PROPHET'S GRAVE*
Face
the Prophet's grave and greet him saying:
Then
pray two rak`ahs as a greeting for the mosque before you sit down. After that
you may go to visit the beloved Prophet and His two Companions Abu Bakr and
`Umar.
As-salamu
`alayka, ya rasul Allah. As-Salamu `alayka, yanabi Allah. Ash-hadu an la ilaha
illa Allah, wa ash-haduannaka `abduhu wa rasuluh, wa ash-hadu annaka
qadballaghta ar-risalah, wa-addyta al-amanah, wa nasahta al-ummah wa-jahdta fi
allahi hak jihadih.
Peace
be upon you, Messenger of Allah. Peace be uponyou, Prophet of Allah.
I
testify that there is no true god but Allah, and that youare Allah's servant
and Messenger.
I
testify that you conveyed the message, fulfilled themission, advised the Ummah,
and made the due struggle inthe cause of Allah.
Then
move two or three steps to the right to face the grave of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq
(may Allah be pleased with him) and greet him saying As-salamu `alayka, ya Aba
Bakr. Jazak Allahu khair al-jazaa'.
Peace
be upon you, Abu Bakr. May Allah give you the best of reward.
Move
another two steps to the right to greet `Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be
pleased with him) saying:
As-salamu
`alayka, ya `Umar. Jazak Allahu khair al-jazaa'Peace be upon you, `Umar. May
Allah give you the best of reward.
After
that, move to another place, face the qiblah, and supplicate Allah Almighty for
yourself, your family, and the whole Ummah.
Some
people try to touch the walls of the Prophet's grave in pursuit of blessings.
Others throw into the room papers on which they have written requests of the
Prophet, or they ask him to bless and heal them. All these practices are unacceptable
innovations. It is Allah Almighty alone Who is to be supplicated and asked for
cure and blessings.
Visiting
cemeteries is an efficient means to soften your heart and to remember the
inevitable fate that awaits each and every person. Such visits remind you of
the next life and prompt you to prepare for the life to come. The Prophet (peace
and blessings be upon him) said, "Visit the graves, for that makes you
mindful of death" (Muslim).
PART 22
*VISITING THE BAQI` CEMETERY*
Baqi`
is the cemetery of Madinah. It is the place where most of the Prophet’s wives
and a
great
number of his Companions were buried. Visiting Baqi` is a good chance to recollect
the stories of sacrifice and tireless effort done by those great men and women
in defense of Islam.
When
you visit Baqi`, say the du`aa' taught by the Prophet:
As-salamu
`alaYkum ahla ad-diyyari mina al-Mu'minina wal-Muslimin, wa inna in sha' Allahu
bikum lahiqun. As'alul-laha lana wa-lakumu al-`afiyah.
Peace
be upon you, inmates of the abodes of the believers and the Muslims, and Allah
willing, we will follow you. I pray to Allah for well-being for ourselves and
for you.
PART 23
*VISITING THE QUBAA'
MOSQUE;*
This
mosque was built when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) approached
Madinah in his migration from Makkah.
The
Prophet (peace be upon him) used to go to the mosque of Qibaa' every Saturday
and pray in it (Al-Bukhari). He promised a special reward for praying in it:
"Whoever
cleans himself in his house and goes to the Qibaa' Mosque and prays in it a
prayer will be given the reward of performing `Umrah."
PART 24
*VISITING MOUNT
UHUD*
The
area beside Mount Uhud witnessed the second important battle between Muslims
and the polytheists known as the Battle of Uhud. In this battle, 70 of the
Prophet's Companions were martyred and the Prophet himself was severely
injured.
Among
the martyrs was Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib, the Prophet’s uncle and one of the
Muslim veterans, hailed by the Prophet as the master of martyrs. Visiting Mount
Uhud and greeting its martyrs is a reminder of these great sacrifices.
When
you reach the martyrs' graveyard, say the above du`aa' of visiting the graves.
You may also supplicate Allah to grant them mercy and forgiveness and to be
pleased with them.
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