Qurbani (Sacrifice) And The Best Ten Days Of The Year In
Islam
ARTICLE ASSEMBLED BY MALLAM ABBA
ABANA, KUBWA, ABUJA, NIGERIA
http://variousislamicdawadocuments.blogspot.com
https://web.facebook.com/abba.abana
emails:gonidamgamiri@yahoo.com;
abba.abana@gmail.com
mabba.islamicschool@gmail.com
Thursday 16th Dhul Qada
1443 AH – 16th June 2022 CE
TEL +2348186961697 (WHATSAPP ONLY)
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيم
Bismillah Walhamdulillah Was Salaatu
Was Salaam 'ala Rasulillah. As-Salaam Alaikum WA-Rahmatullahi Wa-Barakatuhu.
Praise be
to Allaah; we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allaah
from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah guides
will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one can
guide. I bear witness that there is no god but Allaah, and I bear witness that
Muhammad (ﷺ)
is His slave and Messenger.
يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَلۡتَنظُرۡ نَفۡسٌ۬ مَّا قَدَّمَتۡ لِغَدٍ۬ۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ
ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ (١٨)
O ye who
believe! Fear Allah and let every soul look to what (provision) he has sent
forth for the morrow. Yea, fear Allah: for Allah is well-acquainted with (all)
that ye do[1].
مَّا كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ أَبَآ أَحَدٍ۬
مِّن رِّجَالِكُمۡ وَلَـٰكِن رَّسُولَ ٱللَّهِ وَخَاتَمَ ٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَۗ وَكَانَ
ٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىۡءٍ عَلِيمً۬ا (٤٠)
Muhammad
is not the father of any of your men, but (he is) the Messenger of Allah, and
the Seal of the Prophets: and Allah has full knowledge of all things[2].
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ
وَمَلَـٰٓٮِٕڪَتَهُ ۥ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى ٱلنَّبِىِّۚ يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ
ءَامَنُواْ صَلُّواْ عَلَيۡهِ وَسَلِّمُواْ تَسۡلِيمًا (٥٦)
Allah and
His angels, send blessings on the Prophet: O ye that believe! Send ye blessings
on him and salute him, with all respect[3].
Preamble/Introduction
Today
the faithless [non-Muslim] have despaired of your religion. So do not fear
them, but fear Me [Allah]. Today I have perfected your religion for you, and I
have completed My [Allah] blessing upon you, and I have approved Islam as your
religion
ٱلۡيَوۡمَ
أَكۡمَلۡتُ لَكُمۡ دِينَكُمۡ وَأَتۡمَمۡتُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ نِعۡمَتِى وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ
ٱلۡإِسۡلَـٰمَ دِينً۬اۚ
Al-yawma akmaltu lakum
dīnakum wa-atmamtu ‘alaykum ni ‘matī
wa-radhītu lakumul-Islāma dīna
This
day have I perfected your religion for you, completed my favour upon you, and
have chosen for you Islam as your religion[4].
What day is this which combines such important achievements? The perfection of
religion, completion of favors and Allah being pleased with Islam as the
religion. It is obvious that this verse does not refer to an ordinary day, or
even a day of small happenings. Something big must have occurred on that day to
have brought down such a verse.
Udhiyah
is one of the great rituals of Islam, in which we remember the Unity of Allaah,
His blessings upon us and the obedience of our father Ibraaheem to his Lord,
and in this act of udhiyah there is much goodness and blessing. So the Muslim
must pay attention to its great importance. The following is a brief look at
this important ritual.
Udhiyah refers to the animal (camel, cattle or sheep) that is sacrificed as an
act of worship to Allaah, in the country in which the person offering the
sacrifice lives, during the period from after the Eid prayer on the Day of Nahr
(Eid al-Adhaa) until the last of the Days of Tashreeq (the 13th day of
Dhu’l-Hijjah), with the intention of offering sacrifice. Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):
فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَٱنۡحَرۡ (٢)
“Therefore turn in
prayer to your Lord and sacrifice (to Him only).” [Holy Quran al-Kawthar 108:2]
قُلۡ إِنَّ صَلَاتِى وَنُسُكِى وَمَحۡيَاىَ
وَمَمَاتِى لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِينَ (١٦٢)
“Say (O Muhammad): ‘Verily, my prayer, my
sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allaah, the Lord of the ‘Aalameen
(mankind, jinns and all that exists).” [Holy
Qura al-An’aam 6:162]
وَلِڪُلِّ أُمَّةٍ۬ جَعَلۡنَا مَنسَكً۬ا
لِّيَذۡكُرُواْ ٱسۡمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُم مِّنۢ بَهِيمَةِ ٱلۡأَنۡعَـٰمِۗ
فَإِلَـٰهُكُمۡ إِلَـٰهٌ۬ وَٲحِدٌ۬ فَلَهُ ۥۤ أَسۡلِمُواْۗ وَبَشِّرِ
ٱلۡمُخۡبِتِينَ (٣٤)
“And for every nation We have appointed
religious ceremonies, that they may mention the Name of Allaah over the beast
of cattle that He has given them for food. And your God is One God, so you must
submit to Him Alone (in Islam)…” [Holy
Quran al-Hajj 22:34]
Udhiyyah is a confirmed Sunnah according to the majority of scholars (some
scholars say that it is waajib or obligatory). The basic principle is that it
is required at the appointed time from one who is alive on behalf of himself
and the members of his household, and he may include in the reward for it
whoever he wishes, living or dead. With regard to udhiyah on behalf of one who
is dead, if the deceased bequeathed up to one third of his wealth for that
purpose, or included it in his waqf (endowment), then these wishes must be
carried out, otherwise, if a person wishes to offer a sacrifice on behalf of
someone who has died, this is a good deed and is considered to be giving charity
on behalf of the dead. But the Sunnah is for a man to include the members of
his household, living and dead, in his udhiyah, and when he slaughters it, he
should say, “Allaahumma Haadha ‘Anni Wa ‘An Aali Bayti (O Allaah, this is
on behalf of myself and the members of my household” – he does not have to make
a separate sacrifice on behalf of every deceased person.
The scholars agreed that sacrificing the animal and giving its meat in charity
is better than giving its value in charity, because the Messenger (ﷺ)
used to make the sacrifice, and he did not do anything but that which is best
and most befitting[5].
2.0
The Explanation of Al-Fajr and what comes after it
Concerning Al-Fajr, it
is well known that it is the morning. This was said by `Ali, Ibn `Abbas,
`Ikrimah, Mujahid and As-Suddi. It has been reported from Masruq and Muhammad
bin Ka`b that Al-Fajr refers to the day of Sacrifice (An-Nahr) in particular,
and it is the last of the ten nights.
`The ten nights' refers
to the (first) ten days of Dhul-Hijjah. This was said by Ibn `Abbas, Ibn
Zubayr, Mujahid and others among the Salaf and the latter generations. It has
been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari from Ibn `Abbas that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: (There are no
days in which righteous deeds are more beloved to Allah than these days.)
meaning the ten days of Dhul-Hijjah. They said, "Not even fighting Jihad
in the way of Allah'' He replied, (Not even Jihad in the way of Allah; except
for a man who goes out (for Jihad) with his self and his wealth, and he does
not return with any of that.).
وَٱلۡفَجۡرِ
(١)
وَلَيَالٍ عَشۡرٍ۬
(٢)
وَٱلشَّفۡعِ
وَٱلۡوَتۡرِ (٣)
وَٱلَّيۡلِ إِذَا يَسۡرِ (٤) هَلۡ فِى ذَٲلِكَ قَسَمٌ۬ لِّذِى
حِجۡرٍ
(٥)
أَلَمۡ تَرَ كَيۡفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ (٦) إِرَمَ ذَاتِ ٱلۡعِمَادِ (٧)
ٱلَّتِى لَمۡ يُخۡلَقۡ
مِثۡلُهَا فِى ٱلۡبِلَـٰدِ (٨) وَثَمُودَ ٱلَّذِينَ جَابُواْ ٱلصَّخۡرَ بِٱلۡوَادِ (٩)
وَفِرۡعَوۡنَ ذِى ٱلۡأَوۡتَادِ
(١٠)
ٱلَّذِينَ طَغَوۡاْ فِى ٱلۡبِلَـٰدِ (١١) فَأَكۡثَرُواْ فِيہَا ٱلۡفَسَادَ
(١٢) فَصَبَّ عَلَيۡهِمۡ رَبُّكَ سَوۡطَ عَذَابٍ (١٣) إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِٱلۡمِرۡصَادِ
(1. By the dawn;) (2. And by the ten nights,) (3.
And by the even and the odd.) (4. And by the night when it departs.) (5. Is
there (not) in them sufficient proofs for men of understanding!) (6. Saw you
not how your Lord dealt with `Ad) (7. Iram of the pillars,) (8. The like of
which were not created in the land) (9. And Thamud, who hewed out rocks in the
valley) (10. And Fir`awn with Al-Awtad) (11. Who did transgress beyond bounds
in the lands.) (12. And made therein much mischief.) (13. So, your Lord poured
on them different kinds of severe torment.) (14. Verily, your Lord is Ever
Watchful.)[6]
3.0
Arafat Day: This day I have completed your religion
Umar
ibn al-Khattab reported: A man from the Jews said, “O leader of the believers,
there is a verse you recite in your book and, had it been revealed to us as
Jews, we would have taken that day as a celebration.” Umar said, “Which verse
is it?” The man recited the verse, “Today I have completed your religion for
you, perfected My favor upon you, and have chosen Islam as your religion.” (Holy
Quran Chapter 5:3)
Umar said, “I know the day and place in which this verse was revealed to the
Prophet, (ﷺ). It was while he was standing on the
day of Arafat on Friday[7].
DUA
of The Day of 'Arafah
‘The best of supplications is the supplication on the day of 'Arafah and the
best which I and the Prophets before me have said is:
Translation: None has the right to be worshipped but Allah alone, Who has no
partner. His is the dominion and His is the praise, and He is Able to do all
things.
Transliteration:
Laa 'Ilaaha 'Illallaahu Wahdahu Laa Shareeka Lahu, Lahul-Mulku Wa Lahul-Hamdu
Wa Huwa 'Alaa Kulli Shay'in Qadeer.
4.0 Increase In Doing All Good Deeds
If
you are not able to perform Hajj this year 1443AH, occupy yourself during these
blessed days by any and every possible good deed. Every act that is done with
sincerity for the pleasure of Allah will bring you closer to Him.
فَمَن يَعۡمَلۡ مِثۡقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيۡرً۬ا
يَرَهُ ۥ (٧)
وَمَن يَعۡمَلۡ مِثۡقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ۬ شَرًّ۬ا
يَرَهُ ۥ
“So
whosoever does good equal to the weight of an atom, shall see it; and whosoever
does evil equal to the weight of an atom, shall see it[8].’’
The Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) sacrificed everything including their
Nafs (desires) to achieve the pleasure of Allah.
Abdur
Rahman Bin Auf (RA) was one of the richest Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ). He was about
to break his fast when food was brought to him he remembered other Companions
like Musab Bin Umair (RA) whom he described as better person than him who died
without enjoying anything of Duniya. Therefore he did not eat the food brought
to him and started crying thinking that Allah has tested them by giving them
too much Duniya at the expense of their Deen. How much luxuries we enjoy yet we
do not remember those who don't have such abundance which we have, so it is
necessary we should always try to remember those who don't have the means by
helping them instead of hoarding such wealth until is rotten. You have neither
used it nor allowed those in need to use it due to stinginess which we are all
guilty. This is the essence of sacrifice such as Qurbani and giving Zakkat for
the sake of Allah.
Abu Hurayra reported
that the Messenger of Allah, (ﷺ) asked, "Which of
you is fasting today?" Abu Bakr said, "I am." He asked,
"Which of you has visited a sick person today? ”I have," Abu Bakr
stated. Then he asked, "Who has attended a funeral today?" "I
have," Abu Bakr said. He asked, "Who has fed a poor person
today?" Abu Bakr said, "I have." Marwan, the transmitter, said,
"I heard that the Prophet, (ﷺ) observed,
"These qualities are not brought together in one man on a single day but
that he will enter the Garden." [Ref Sahih Muslim]
The best 10 days might be from 1st July to 10th July 2022
depending on lunar month sighting of the crescent moon: Official account of National Moonlighting Committee, Nigerian supreme
council for Islamic Affairs Nigeria.
Arafat day might be on 9th July 2022 in shaa Allah, fast all nine days and most
especially on the day of Arafat, (from 1st July to 10th July), if you can't
fast all nine days then don’t miss the Saturday 9th July 2022.
The Hadith of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, in Sunan Abi Dawud, where
he said: "I prayed 'Eid ul-Adha with the Messenger of Allah, (ﷺ) and when he
finished (the prayer), he was brought two rams, and he sacrificed them. He
said, 'In the Name of Allah, Allah is Most Great. This is on behalf of myself
and any member of my Ummah who did not offer a sacrifice[9].'
"
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymin
said, following his discussion of those who say it is obligatory and those who
say it is Sunnah, "Each point of view has its evidence, but to be on the
safe side, the one who is able to offer a sacrifice should not neglect to do
so, because of what is involved in this act of reverence towards Allah,
remembering Him, and making sure that one has nothing to be blamed for.
We follow the Sunnah of
Rosulullah (ﷺ)
5.0 What To Do During
These Ten Days
What
to do during this first ten days of Dhul Hijjah (1st July to 10th
July 2022)
Question:
what should the Muslim avoid in the first ten days of Dhu’l-Hijjah if he wants
to offer a sacrifice?
The Sunnah indicates that the one who wants to offer a sacrifice must refrain
from taking anything from his hair, nails or skin from the first day of
Dhu’l-Hijjah until he offers his sacrifice, because the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “When
you see the new moon of Dhu’l-Hijjah, if any one of you wants to offer a
sacrifice, let him not remove anything from his hair or nails until he has
offered his sacrifice.” According to another report: “Let him not touch any
part of his hair or nails.” (Reported by Muslim with four isnaads, 13/146).
This command implies obligation and the prohibition implies that it is
forbidden, according to the most correct opinion, because these are absolutes
with no exceptions. If a person deliberately takes something (from his hair or
nails), he must seek the forgiveness of Allaah, but he does not have to pay any
fidyah (penalty), and his udhiyah is still valid. Whoever needs to remove some
of his hair or nails because leaving it will cause him harm, such as a torn
nail or a wound in a site covered by hair, should remove it, and there is no
sin on him if he does so. This is not more serious than the muhrim (person in
ihraam for Hajj or ‘Umrah) who is allowed to shave if not doing so will cause
him harm. There is nothing wrong with men and women washing their hair during
the first ten days of Dhu’l-Hijjah, because the Prophet (ﷺ) only forbade
removing hair, and because the muhrim is allowed to wash his head.
The wisdom behind the prohibition on removing hair and nails is because the one
who is going to offer a sacrifice is like the one who is in ihraam for Hajj and
‘Umrah with regard to some rituals, which is the offering of a sacrifice in
order to draw closer to Allaah. Thus some of the rulings of ihraam apply to the
one who wants to offer a sacrifice, so he should not touch his hair and nails
until he has slaughtered his sacrifice, in the hope that Allaah will release
him from the fire of Hell. And Allaah knows best.
If a person removes some of his hair and nails during the first ten days of
Dhu’l-Hijjah because he is not planning to offer a sacrifice, then he decides
to sacrifice, he should refrain from cutting his hair or nails from the moment
he takes the decision.
There are some women who delegate their brothers or sons to do the sacrifice on
their behalf so that they can cut their hair during the first ten days of
Dhu’l-Hijjah. This is not correct, because the ruling applies to the one who is
making the sacrifice, whether he or she delegates someone else to do the actual
slaughter or not. The prohibition does not apply to the person appointed, it
applies to the person who wants to offer a sacrifice on behalf of himself, as
is indicated by the hadeeth. As for the person who is doing the sacrifice on
behalf of another, whether because of a will or because he has been delegated
to do so, the prohibition does not apply to him.
It is apparent that this prohibition applies to the one who is offering the
sacrifice, and does not extend to his wife or children, unless one of them is
offering a sacrifice on his or her own behalf. The Prophet (ﷺ) used to
sacrifice on behalf of the family of Muhammad, and it was not reported that he
forbade them to remove anything of their hair or nails.
Whoever is planning to offer a sacrifice, then decides to go for Hajj, should
not remove anything of his hair or nails when he wants to enter ihraam, because
this is Sunnah only when there is a need for it. But if he is doing Hajj
“tamattu’” [where one performs ‘Umrah, then ends ihraam and enters a new state
of ihraam for Hajj], he should shorten his hair when he finishes ‘Umrah because
that is part of the ritual.
The things that are forbidden for the person who wants to offer a sacrifice are
reported in the hadeeth quoted above. It is not forbidden for him to wear
perfume or to have intercourse with his wife or to wear sewn garments and so on.
5.1 Itikaaf
If
you are capable it will be more loving by Allah if you enter Itikaaf for ten
days (from 1st July to 9th July 2022). One can choose to
enter Itikaaf for three day of the nine days, or five days of the nine days or
seven days of the nine days, of the whole of the nine days, and return home
after Iftar of the nineth day which is Arafat day. Make your intention to enter
for Allah sake alone.
If You Are
Capable It Wll Be More Loving By Allah If You Enter Itikaaf For Ten Day (From 1st
July To 9th July)
It very rewarding and very few can, it secluding yourself alone in the masjid
for Allah sake.
5.2 Perform Hajj
Obviously, Hajj is one of the best deeds that one can do during these ten days.
However for those of us who were not invited to His House this year, there are
still many more ways to earn the pleasure of Allah. Picture below, Kaaba and
Madina
5.3 Fast All
Nine Days And Most Especially On The Day Of Arafat
The Prophet (ﷺ)
said: “Anyone who fasts for one day for
Allah’s pleasure, Allah will keep his face away from the (Hell) fire for (a
distance covered by a journey of) seventy years.” (Bukhari, Muslim)
The
Prophet (ﷺ) used
to fast on the ninth day of Dhul-Hijja and he said: “Fasting the Day of ‘Arafah
(ninth Dhul-Hijja) is an expiation for (all the sins of) the previous year and
expiation for (all the sins of) the coming year.” (Muslim)
5.4 Perform Zikir And Takbeer
The Prophet (ﷺ)
said: “There are no days on which good
deeds are greater or more beloved to Allah than on these ten days, so recite
much Tahleel (saying Laa ilaaha ill-Allah), Takbeer (saying Allahu Akbar) and
Tahmeed (saying Alhamdu Lillaah).” (Ahmad -Saheeh)
Ibn ‘Umar and Abu Hurayrah used to go out in the marketplace during the first
ten days of Dhul-Hijja, reciting Takbeer, and the people would recite Takbeer
when they heard them. (Bukhari)
5.5 Takbbeer
Takbeer at this time is a Sunnah that has mostly been forgotten, especially
during the first few days. So say it in the masjid, in your home, on the street
and every place where it is permitted to remember Allah. Revive the Sunnah that
have been virtually forgotten and earn great rewards for doing so.
The Prophet (ﷺ)
said: “Whoever revives an aspect of my
Sunnah that is forgotten after my death, he will have a reward equivalent to
that of the people who follow him, without it detracting in the least from
their reward.” (Tirmidhi-hasan)
The Prophet (ﷺ) used to fast on
the ninth day of Dhul-Hijja and he said: “Fasting the Day of ‘Arafah (ninth
Dhul-Hijja) is an expiation for (all the sins of) the previous year and
expiation for (all the sins of) the coming year.” (Muslim)
5.6 Stand The Night In Prayer
The
nights of first ten days of Dhul Hijjjah are lovely and more rewarding stand
strong all first ten days .Seeking Allah’s forgiveness and humbling ourselves
in front of Him in supplication and prayers during the latter part of the night
is an act of worship that is very beloved to Allah .
Allah Almighty calls out to His servants
in the latter part of the night: “Is there anyone to invoke Me, so that I may
respond to his invocation? Is there anyone to ask Me, so that I may grant him
his request? Is there anyone seeking My forgiveness, so that I may forgive
him?” (Bukhaari, Muslim)
We should seize this opportunity and beg Him for His Divine Generosity and
Mercy. We should ask Him as our Prophet (ﷺ) taught us “Our Lord, bless us with the best
of this world and the best of hereafter and save us from the fire of Hell.”
5.7 Make Sincere Repentance
Allah loves those who repent to Him in complete submission. The act of sincere
repentance to Allah with intention to never return to His disobedience and sin
is very dear to Him. Return to Allah by giving up all the deeds, open and
secret, that He dislikes. Be regretful of your sins and disobedience and
resolve to never return to sin and to firmly adhere to the path which Allah
loves.
Allah says,
فَأَمَّا
مَن تَابَ وَءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَـٰلِحً۬ا فَعَسَىٰٓ أَن يَكُونَ مِنَ
ٱلۡمُفۡلِحِينَ (٦٧)
“But as for him who repented, believed and did righteous deeds,
then he will be among those who are successful[12].”
5.8 Return To Book Of Allah ( Qur'an)
It is time to dust off your copy of the Quran. Establish a beautiful
new relationship with the book of Allah starting in these ten days of
Dhul-Hijja. Recite its verses and you will reap its blessings. Understand its
message. Implement the commandments of this book in your life. This
relationship with the Quran will open for you the doors of wisdom and happiness
in your life. This will ultimately lead to guidance and success in this life
and the Hereafter.
5.9 Slaughter An
Animal [Camel, Cow, Ram Or Goat ]Distribute The Meat (Sacrifice )
Ibn Umar said: “The Prophet (ﷺ)
lived in Madeenah for ten years and
every year he slaughtered an animal.” (Ahmad-Saheeh by al-Albaani)
5.10 Attend The
Eid Prayers
Attending Eid prayers is from the Sunnah of our beloved Prophet (ﷺ).
We
should be keen on practicing this Sunnah and performing it according to the
teachings of our Prophet. Eid is a time of joy and happiness and we should be
inclusive of all of our brothers and sisters who may not be as fortunate to
have enough to enjoy this blessed occasion.
5.11 Give All Form Of Glorifications,
Thank, In Zikir
1 La Ilah Illal Lahu
2Subhanal Lah
3 Alhamdulil Lah
4 Allahu Akbar
5 Subhanal Lah Wa Bi Hamdiyi
6 Subhanal Lahil Azim
7 La Haula Wa Laqu'wata Illa Bil Lah
8 Astagfirul Lahi Wa Atuubu Ilaiyi
9 La Ilaha Illa Anta Subhanaka Inni Kuntu Minal Za'limina .
10 Allauhumma Salli Wa Sallim Ala Nabiyyina Muhammad.
11 Subhanal Lahi Wa Bi Hamdiyi Subhanal Lahil Azim...
12 Rabi Igfirli Wa Raham Wa Anta Khayru Rahimeen..
One of
the biggest forms of worshiping Allah is to thank Him, deeply, sincerely and
continuously. After all, it is He who blessed you with all that you have. In
fact, you wouldn’t even be here if it wasn’t for the Mercy of your Creator. So
thank Him for ALL that He gave you: the blessing of Islam, the blessing of life
and every blessing you possess. The blessing of Quran, the blessing of ten days
of zhul hijjah, the blessing of your breath.. Thank Him for the opportunity to
experience these ten days. Ask Him for His mercy, forgiveness and guidance.
Alhamdulillah, there is much to be gained in these coming days. So make the
most of this perfect opportunity offered by these invaluable and irreplaceable
ten days. Hasten to do good deeds and appreciate this blessing and make the
most of it.
وَٱعۡبُدۡ
رَبَّكَ حَتَّىٰ يَأۡتِيَكَ ٱلۡيَقِينُ (٩٩)
“And
worship your Lord until there comes unto you the certainty (death)[13].”
6.0
The Virtues Of Udhiyah And The Best Of Udhiyah
Below are some hadith and ayats regarding the merits
of these days and various ways to make use of them?
Abu Hurairah relates that the
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "There are no days more
loved to Allah for you to worship Him therein than the ten days of Dhul Hijjah.
Fasting any day during it is equivalent to fasting one year and to offer
salatul tahajjud (late-night prayer) during one of its nights is like
performing the late night prayer on the night of power[14].
[i.e. Lailatul Qadr]."
'Abdullaah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be
pleased with him and his father) reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:
"There are no days greater in the sight of Allah and in which
righteous deeds are more beloved to Him than these ten days, so during this
time recite a great deal of Tahleel (La ilaaha ill-Allah), Takbeer and Tahmeed[15]."
Ibn 'Abbaas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) also reported
that the Prophet (ﷺ)
said: "There is no deed more precious in the sight of Allah, nor greater
in reward, than a good deed done during the ten days of Sacrifice." He was
asked, "Not even jihaad for the sake of Allah?"
He said, "Not even jihaad for the sake of Allah, except in the case
of a man who went out to fight giving himself and his wealth up for the cause,
and came back with nothing[16]."
If anyone wants to offer a sacrifice and the month
of Dhul-Hijjah has begun, either because the new moon has been sighted or
because thirty days of Dhul-Qi`dah have passed, then it is haram (unlawful) for
him to remove anything of his hair or nails or skin until he has slaughtered
the sacrifice, because of the hadith of Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with
her), according to which the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “When you see the new moon of Dhul-Hijjah – according to
another version, When the ten days (of Dhul-Hijjah) begin – and any one of
you wants to offer a sacrifice, let him refrain (from cutting) his hair and
nails” (Reported by Ahmad and Muslim).
According to another version, “…let him not
remove anything from his hair and nails until he has offered the sacrifice.”
And according to yet another version, “…he should not touch his hair or
skin.”
If he forms the intention to offer the sacrifice
during the first ten days of Dhul-Hijjah, then he should refrain from that from
the moment he forms that intention, and there is no sin on him for anything he
may have done before forming the intention.
The reason for this prohibition is that when the
person who wants to offer the sacrifice joins the pilgrims in some of the
rituals of Hajj— namely drawing closer to Allah by slaughtering the
sacrifice—he also joins him in some of the features of ihram, namely refraining
from cutting his hair, etc.
This ruling applies only to the one who is going to
slaughter the sacrifice. It does not apply to the one on whose behalf a
sacrifice is offered, because the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “If any one of you wants to offer a sacrifice…” He did
not say, “… is going to have a sacrifice offered on his behalf.” And the
Prophet ((ﷺ)) used to offer the sacrifice on
behalf of the members of his household, and it is not narrated that he told
them to refrain from that (cutting their hair and nails, etc.).
Based on this, it is permissible for the family of
the person who is going to offer the sacrifice to remove their hair, nails, and
skin during the first ten days of Dhul-Hijjah.
If the person who wants to offer the sacrifice does remove anything from
his hair, nails, or skin, then he has to repent to Allah and not do it again,
but he does not have to offer any expiation, and that does not prevent him from
offering the sacrifice as some of the common people think. If he does any of
those things out of forgetfulness or ignorance, or some hair falls
unintentionally, then there is no sin on him. If he needs to remove it then he
may do so, and there is no blame on him, such as if a nail breaks and it annoys
him, so he cuts it, or if a hair gets in his eye and he removes it, or he needs
to cut his hair in order to treat a wound and the like.
It
is strongly recommended to spend these days (especially the Day of Arafah)
performing any kind of worship like fasting, reading Quran, extra Salat, Dhikr,
Or Making Tauba.
Abu Hurairah relates that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
said, "There are no days more loved to Allah for you to worship Him
therein than the ten days of Dhul Hijjah. Fasting any day during it is
equivalent to fasting one year and to offer Salatul Tahajjud (late-night
prayer) during one of its nights is like performing the late night prayer on
the night of power[17].
[i.e. Lailatul Qadr]."
Abu Qatadah reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
said, "Fasting on the day of 'Arafah is an expiation for two years, the
year preceding it and the year following it. Fasting the day of 'Ashurah is an
expiation for the year preceding it[18]."
The Prophet (ﷺ) commanded us
to recite a lot of Tasbee
(Subhanallah),Tahmee (Alhamdulillah) And Takbeer (Allahuakbar) during
this time.
'Abdullaah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported
that the Prophet (ﷺ)
said:
"There are no days greater in the sight of Allah and in which
righteous deeds are more beloved to Him than these ten days, so during this
time recite a great deal of Tahleel (La ilaaha ill-Allah), Takbeer and Tahmeed[19]."
Ibn 'Abbaas (may Allah be pleased with him and his
father) also reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:
"There is no deed more precious in the sight of Allah, nor greater in
reward, than a good deed done during the ten days of Sacrifice." He was
asked, "Not even jihaad for the sake of Allah?"
He said, "Not even jihaad for the sake of Allah, except in the case
of a man who went out to fight giving himself and his wealth up for the cause,
and came back with nothing[20]."
A
sheep is good enough as a sacrifice for one man and the members of his
household and his children, because of the hadeeth of Abu Ayyoob: “At the time
of the Messenger of Allaah (ﷺ),
a man would sacrifice a sheep on behalf of himself and the members of his
household, and they would eat from it and give some to others.” (Reported by
Ibn Maajah and al-Tirmidhi, who classed it as saheeh)
The kinds of animals prescribed for sacrifice are camels, cattle and sheep.
Some of the scholars said that the best sacrifice is camels, then cattle, then
sheep, then a share in a she-camel or cow, because the Prophet (ﷺ) said concerning Friday prayers: “Whoever goes
to [Friday prayers] early, it is equivalent to him sacrificing a camel.” This
is the opinion of the three imaams Abu Haneefah, al-Shaafa'i and Ahmad. On this
basis, a sheep is better than one-seventh of a camel or cow. Maalik said that
the best is a young sheep, then a cow then a camel, because the Prophet (ﷺ) sacrificed two rams, and he never did anything
but that which was the best. The response to that is that he (ﷺ) always chose
what was more appropriate out of kindness towards his Ummah, because they would
follow his example, and he did not want to make things difficult for them.
(Fataawa al-Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz).
A camel or cow is enough for seven people, because of the report narrated by
Jaabir (may Allaah be pleased with him) who said: “We sacrificed at
al-Hudaybiyah with the Prophet (ﷺ), a camel for seven and a cow for seven.” According
to one version: “The Messenger of Allaah (ﷺ) commanded us to share camels and cattle, each
seven men sharing one animal.” According to another version: “So a cow would be
sacrificed on behalf of seven men and we would share it.” (Reported by Muslim)
6.2 Udhiyah Rituals Of Islam:
Udhiyah is one of the rituals of Islam. It is mentioned in Jawaahir
al-Ikleel Sharh Mukhtasar Khaleel that if the people of a city or country
neglect udhiyah, they should be fought, because it is one of the rituals of
Islam[21].
There are two scholarly opinions on udhiyah:
that
it is waajib (obligatory). This is the opinion of al-Oozaa’i, al-Layth and Abu
Haneefah, and it is one of the two opinions narrated from Imaam Ahmad. It was
also the opinion of Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah, and is one of the two
opinions in the madhhab of Maalik, or is what seems to be the madhhab of
Maalik. Those who favour this opinion take the following as evidence:
The aayah: “Therefore turn in prayer to your Lord anf sacrifice (to Him only).”
[al-Kawthar 108:2]. This is a command, and a command implies that something is
obligatory.
The hadeeth of Jundub (may Allaah be pleased with him), reported in
al-Saheehayn and elsewhere, who said: “The Messenger of Allaah (ﷺ) said: ‘Whoever slaughtered his sacrifice
before he prays, let him slaughter another one in its place, and whoever did
not slaughter a sacrifice, let him do so in the name of Allaah[22].’”
The hadeeth: “Whoever can afford to offer a sacrifice but does not do so, let
him not approach our place or prayer[23].”
(B)
that it is a confirmed Sunnah (sunnah mu’akkadah). This is the opinion of the
majority, and it is the madhhab of al-Shaafa'i and the better-known opinion of
Maalik and Ahmad. But most of those who favour this opinion stated that it is
makrooh (disliked) for the one who is able to offer a sacrifice to neglect to
do so. They base their opinion on the following:
The hadeeth of Jaabir (may Allaah be
pleased with him) in Sunan Abi Dawood, where he said: “I prayed on Eid al-Adhaa
with the Messenger of Allaah (ﷺ) , and when he finished (the prayer), he was
brought two rams, and he sacrificed them. He said, ‘In the Name of Allaah,
Allaah is Most Great. This is on behalf of myself and any member of my ummah
who did not offer a sacrifice[24].”
The
hadeeth reported by all the famous muhadditheen apart from al-Bukhaari:
“Whoever among you wants to offer a sacrifice, let him not take anything from
his hair or nails.” Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah preserve him, said,
following his discussion of those who say it is obligatory and those who say it
is Sunnah, “Each point of view has its evidence, but to be on the safe side,
the one who is able to offer a sacrifice should not neglect to do so, because
of what is involved in this act of reverence towards Allaah, remembering Him,
and making sure that one has nothing to be blamed for.
7.0 Guide On How To Slaughter Your Ram On
Eid Adha
|
Sacrifice, as practiced by Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)
is an essential religious rite in memory of the sacrifice performed by
Prophet Abraham. God put Abraham to a most difficult trial, the details of
which are described in the Quran. O my Lord! Grant me (Abraham) a righteous
(son)!? So We gave him the good news of a boy ready to suffer and forbear. Then,
when the son reached the age to work with him, he said[25]:
رَبِّ هَبۡ لِى مِنَ ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ (١٠٠) فَبَشَّرۡنَـٰهُ بِغُلَـٰمٍ
حَلِيمٍ۬
(١٠١)
فَلَمَّا
بَلَغَ مَعَهُ ٱلسَّعۡىَ قَالَ يَـٰبُنَىَّ إِنِّىٓ أَرَىٰ فِى ٱلۡمَنَامِ
أَنِّىٓ أَذۡبَحُكَ فَٱنظُرۡ مَاذَا تَرَىٰۚ قَالَ يَـٰٓأَبَتِ ٱفۡعَلۡ مَا
تُؤۡمَرُۖ سَتَجِدُنِىٓ إِن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ (١٠٢) فَلَمَّآ أَسۡلَمَا وَتَلَّهُ ۥ
لِلۡجَبِينِ (١٠٣) وَنَـٰدَيۡنَـٰهُ أَن يَـٰٓإِبۡرَٲهِيمُ (١٠٤) قَدۡ صَدَّقۡتَ ٱلرُّءۡيَآۚ إِنَّا
كَذَٲلِكَ نَجۡزِى ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ (١٠٥) إِنَّ هَـٰذَا لَهُوَ ٱلۡبَلَـٰٓؤُاْ
ٱلۡمُبِينُ (١٠٦) وَفَدَيۡنَـٰهُ بِذِبۡحٍ عَظِيمٍ۬ (١٠٧) وَتَرَكۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ فِى ٱلۡأَخِرِينَ
(١٠٨)
سَلَـٰمٌ عَلَىٰٓ إِبۡرَٲهِيمَ
(١٠٩)
O my son I see in a vision that I offer you in
sacrifice: Now say what is your view? (The son) said: O My father! Do as you
are commanded: You will find me if God so wills, one practising patience and
constancy!? So when they had both submitted their wills (to God), and he had
made him prostrate on his face (for sacrifice), We called out to him: O
Abraham! You have already fulfilled the vision!? Thus indeed do we reward
those who do right? For this was obviously a trial and We ransomed him with a
momentous sacrifice: and We left (this blessing) for him among generations
(to come) in later times: Some
people had different views on this: they said there is no proof that the
sacrifice is because prophet Ibrahim did it. If you have the proof, please
provide it. The verses only narrated
prophet Ibrahim's ordeal. They do not prove that his sacrifice is the same as
the one we carry out. The verses only narrated prophet Ibrahim's ordeal. They
do not prove that his sacrifice is the same as the one we carry out. To your Lord turn in prayer and
sacrifice? لَن يَنَالَ ٱللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا
دِمَآؤُهَا وَلَـٰكِن يَنَالُهُ ٱلتَّقۡوَىٰ مِنكُمۡۚ كَذَٲلِكَ سَخَّرَهَا
لَكُمۡ لِتُكَبِّرُواْ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَٮٰكُمۡۗ وَبَشِّرِ
ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ (٣٧) The aim of sacrifice, like all other fundamentals
of Islam, is to imbibe piety and self-righteousness. It also promotes the
spirit of sacrifice for a right cause. To explain its purpose, God says in
the Quran. لَن يَنَالَ ٱللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا
دِمَآؤُهَا وَلَـٰكِن يَنَالُهُ ٱلتَّقۡوَىٰ مِنكُمۡۚ كَذَٲلِكَ سَخَّرَهَا
لَكُمۡ لِتُكَبِّرُواْ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَٮٰكُمۡۗ وَبَشِّرِ
ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ (٣٧) ۞ It is not their meat, nor their blood, that
reaches God, It is their piety that reaches God? (Holy Quran 22:37). 9.0
What to Sacrifice 9.1 Minimum Age of Animals - How old should an
animal be for Qurbani? The first aspect in choosing good sacrificial animals is
the age of sacrificial animals. Legally, the Qurban animals such as goats
and sheep must at least a year old while cows and buffaloes must be two years
old.
The age of the
animal should meet a minimum of: One year in age for sheep and goats
(equivalent to one person's Qurbani share) Two years in age for cows and
buffalo (equivalent to seven persons' Qurbani share) Five years in age for
camels (equivalent to seven persons' Qurbani share). There
are milder defects that do not disqualify an animal, but it is makrooh to
sacrifice such animals, such as an animal with a horn or ear missing, or an
animal with slits in its ears, etc. Udhiyah is an act of worship to Allaah,
and Allaah is Good and accepts only that which is good. Whoever honours the
rites of Allaah, this has to do with the piety (taqwa) of the heart. This
eating should be after the Eid prayer and khutbah. This is the opinion of the
scholars, including ‘Ali, Ibn ‘Abbaas, Maalik, al-Shaafa'i and others. The
evidence for this is the hadeeth of Buraydah (may Allaah be pleased with
him): “The Prophet (ﷺ) would not go out on
the day of Fitr until he had eaten, and he would not eat on the day of Adhaa
until he had slaughtered (his sacrifice)[30].”
The butcher should not be given anything of it by
way of reward or payment, because ‘Ali (may Allaah be pleased with him) said:
“The Messenger of Allaah (ﷺ) commanded me to
take care of the sacrifice and to give its meat, skin and raiment (covering
used for protection) in charity, and not to give anything of it to the
butcher as a compensation. He said, ‘We will give him something from what we
have.’” (Agreed upon). It was said that it is permissible to give the butcher
something as a gift, and that it is permissible to give some of it to a
kaafir if he is poor or a relative or a neighbour, or in order to open his
heart to Islam[32].
10.4
Method of Sacrifice 10.5
Dua for Sacrifice |
[1] (Holy
Quran chapter 59.18)
[2] (Holy
Quran chapter 33.40)
[3] (Holy
Quran chapter 33.56)
[4] Holy Quran
chapter 5 verse 3
[5] This is the
opinion of Abu Haneefah, al-Shaafa'i and Ahmad.
[6] Ibn Kather
Tafseer
[7] “Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 45, Ṣaḥīḥ
Muslim 3017. Grade: Muttafaqun Alayhi (authenticity agreed upon) according to
Al-Bukhari and Muslim
[8] [Holy Quran
Al-Zalzalah 99:7-8].
[9] [Sunan Abi Dawud
bi Sharh Muhammad Shams al-Haq Abadi (7/486)]
[10] Kaaba in Makka
[11] Visit to Madina
[12] [Holy Quran
Al-Qasas 28:67]
[13] [Holy Quran
Al-Hijr 15:99]
[14] [This is related by at-Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, and al-Baihaqi]
[15] (Reported
by Ahmad, 7/224; Ahmad Shaakir stated that it is saheeh).
[16] (Reported
by al-Daarimi, 1/357; its isnaad is hasan as stated in al-Irwaa', 3/398).
[17] [This is related
by at-Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, and al-Baihaqi]
[18] [This is
related by "the group," except for al-Bukhari and at-Tirmidhi]
[19] (Reported by
Ahmad, 7/224; Ahmad Shaakir stated that it is saheeh).
[20] (Reported by al-Daarimi, 1/357; its isnaad
is hasan as stated in al-Irwaa', 3/398).
[21] (Rasaa’il
Fiqhiyyah by Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, p. 46).
[22] (Reported by Muslim, 3621)
[23] (Reported by
Ahmad and Ibn Maajah; classed as saheeh by al-Haakim from the hadeeth of Abu
Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him). It says in Fath al-Baari that its
men are thiqaat).
[24] (Sunan Abi Dawood bi Sharh Muhammad Shams
al-Haq Abaadi, 7/486)
[25] (Holy Quran
37:100-109).
[26] (Holy Quran
108:2).
[27] (Saheeh, Saheeh al-Jaami’, no. 886).
[28] (Saheeh, Saheeh
al-Jaami’, no. 886).
[29] (Classed as saheeh in Saheeh al-Jaami’,
5349).
[30] (Al-Albaani said: its isnaad is saheeh.
Al-Mishkaat, 1/452).
[31] (Classed as
hasan in Saheeh al-Jaami’, 6118).
[32] (Fataawa
al-Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz).
