WHO ARE THE HYPOCRITES IN ISLAM & THEIR
SIGNS
(Part 1 of 5)
(Part 1 of 5)
ASSEMBLED BY MALLAM ABBA ABANA, KUBWA,
ABUJA, NIGERIA
http://variousislamicdawadocuments.blogspot.com
https://web.facebook.com/abba.abana
emails:gonidamgamiri@yahoo.com;
abba.abana@gmail.com
TUESDAY 8th JUMADA Akhir 1441 AH
and 4th JANUARY 2020 CE
(WhatsApp +2348186961697)
Bismillah
Walhamdulillah Was Salaatu Was Salaam 'ala Rasulillah. As-Salaam Alaikum
Wa-Rahmatullahi Wa-Barakatuhu. Praise be to Allaah; we seek His help and His
forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allaah from the evil of our own souls and from
our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah guides will never be led astray, and
whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is
no god but Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad (Sallalahu alaihi Wasalam)
is His slave and Messenger.
PREAMBLE
We undertook
compiling of this article for DAWAH purposes for keen awareness of our nominal
Muslims and others to check ourselves inwards within this framework of current
hypocrisy perpetrating in the current societal and global ills. Many Muslims
under the umbrella of Islam are corrupters and yet hold public offices thereby
they impose on the masses what they desire rather than religious concepts.
Rasulullah (Sallalahu
Alaihi Wa Salaam) said: "A word of wisdom is the lost property of a
Muslim. He should seize it wherever he finds it." (Tirmizi) (The
Inspiration of a Muslim).
In The longest Sūrah
of the Qur’ān is Sūrah Al-Baqara: It is introduced by giving the
characteristics of three different categories of people. The first four verses
speak in description of the people of Īmān (believers). It then goes on to
describe the disbelievers (Kufr) in just two verses. The verses then go on to
describe the people of Nifāq (hypocrisy) in thirteen long verses. Why were so
many verses dedicated to them?
Imām Ibnul Qayyim
explains, “Because of their sheer numbers
and far reaching harm on Islām and the Muslims. The damage that they cause is
very disastrous because they are attributed to Islām and are supposed supporters
and allies of it, but in reality, they are its enemies.”
He goes on to say, “My
Lord! How many strongholds of Islām have they destroyed? How many forts of
Islām have they uprooted and ruined? How many sciences of Islām have they
effaced? How many raised flags of Islam have they lowered? How many times have
they struck the principles of Islam using the axes of their doubtful matters?
They do this whilst claiming that they are peacemakers, ‘whereas they are the
corrupters but they do not perceive so.’” (Refer to Madārij As-Sālikīn).
WHO ARE THE HYPOCRITES IN ISLAM & THEIR SIGNS
Part 1 of 5
1.0 DIFFERENT SIGNS OF THE HYPOCRITES
1.1 SIGN ONE: FALSEHOOD AND LYING
Ibn Taymiyyah (rahimahullaah) says:
"Lying is a pillar from among the
pillars of disbelief." He also says that whenever Allaah mentions
hypocrisy in the Qur'aan, He mentions lying along with it and vice-versa. The
One free from all imperfections, the Exalted has said:
وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يَقُولُ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَبِٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأَخِرِ وَمَا هُم بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ
(٨) يُخَـٰدِعُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
وَمَا يَخۡدَعُونَ إِلَّآ أَنفُسَهُمۡ وَمَا يَشۡعُرُونَ (٩) فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ۬ فَزَادَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مَرَضً۬اۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمُۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ
يَكۡذِبُونَ (١٠)
"They
think that they deceive Allaah and those who have accepted Faith, but they do
not deceive except themselves and yet they do not perceive this. In their
hearts is a disease so Allaah has increased them in this disease. For them is a
tormenting punishment for their falsehood." [Holy Quran Chapter Soorah al-Baqarah (2): 8-10].
إِذَا جَآءَكَ ٱلۡمُنَـٰفِقُونَ قَالُواْ نَشۡہَدُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُ ٱللَّهِۗ
وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُهُ ۥ وَٱللَّهُ يَشۡہَدُ إِنَّ ٱلۡمُنَـٰفِقِينَ لَكَـٰذِبُونَ (١)
"Allaah
does witness that the hypocrites are indeed liars." [Holy
Quran Chapter Soorah al-Munafiqoon (63): 1].
Whenever
hypocrisy is mentioned, lack of the remembrance of Allaah is mentioned and when
Faith is mentioned the remembrance of Allaah is mentioned along with it. Allaah
says:
إِنَّ ٱلۡمُنَـٰفِقِينَ
يُخَـٰدِعُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَـٰدِعُهُمۡ وَإِذَا قَامُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ
قَامُواْ كُسَالَىٰ يُرَآءُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ وَلَا يَذۡكُرُونَ ٱللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلاً۬ (١٤٢)
"They do
not remember Allaah except little." [Holy Quran Chapter Soorah an-Nisa' (4): 142]
يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تُلۡهِكُمۡ أَمۡوَٲلُكُمۡ وَلَآ أَوۡلَـٰدُڪُمۡ عَن ذِڪۡرِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَمَن يَفۡعَلۡ ذَٲلِكَ فَأُوْلَـٰٓٮِٕكَ هُمُ ٱلۡخَـٰسِرُونَ (٩
"O You who
believe! Do not let your wealth or offspring divert you from the remembrance of
Allaah." [Holy Quran Chapter Soorah al-Munafiqoon
(63): 9].
Allaah has cleared the believers of
hypocrisy due to their remembrance of Him and has described the hypocrites with
their little remembrance of Him. The Messenger of Allaah said as is reported by
both al-Bukhaaree and Muslim:
"The signs of a hypocrite are
three ... "
Among them is mentioned that
"... when he talks he lies."
Therefore, if he lies jokingly or
seriously (in any matter) or in order to accomplish an objective or an end then
there is within him a branch of hypocrisy. He does not lie except due to the
hypocrisy in his heart and Allaah is the One from whom all aid is sought.
Lying is a clear sign which
testifies to the hypocrisy of the one who does it. Likewise for the one who
lies in jest as some people are careless in that.
The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa
sallam) said: "Woe be to him, woe be
to him, woe be to him, he who utters a lie to make people laugh."
[Reported by Ahmad in Musnad and declared hasan by al-Albaanee in Saheeh
al-Jaami'].
Lying is cursed whether it is done seriously or jokingly. So
one must be cautious against this blameworthy habit since the foundation of hypocrisy,
its greatest pillar, its leader, its momentum and its support is lying. The
hypocrites did not exhibit hypocrisy except due to falsehood in their hearts
and that begins as a small speck in the heart, then deepens and enlarges, until
it becomes a fortress from among the fortresses of hypocrisy - refuge is only
with Allaah! Therefore, I warn myself and you, for the sake of Allaah, from
lying. Beware of lying as it is due to hypocrisy and Allaah has described the
hypocrites with lying.
1.1.1 Lying. Al-Hassan Al-Basri
said: “Nifaq is the difference between the inner and the appearance, between
statement and action and between entering and leaving and it used to be said
that the foundation of nifaq upon which it is built is lying.”
1.1.2 Breaking Promises. This falls
into two categories: a) Making a promise with no intention of keeping it.
Al-Awaa’il said that one who says “I will do such-and-such Inshallah” without
intending to do it has committed both lying and breaking a promise.
b) Making a promise intending to
keep it and then later deciding to break it.
1.1.3 Transgression in Dispute: The
main meaning of ‘transgression’ here is to intentionally speak other than truth
making truth falsehood and vice versa. Lying “calls to” this as in the hadith:
“Beware of lying for lying guides to transgression and transgression leads to
the fire.” (Bukhari, Muslim). Rasulullah (sallalahu alaihi wa salaam) said:
“The most hated of men to Allah is the one given to fierce and violent
disputation.” (Bukhari, Muslim) Rasulullah (sallalahu alaihi wa salaam)) said
about the one who takes what is not his through clever speech has only been
given a piece of the fire.
1.1.4 These issues have all been
connected to hypocrisy in the Qur’an:
a) Holy Quran Chapter Surah
Al-Munaafiqoon 63: 1-2 (Lying, breaking oaths)
“When the Hypocrites come to thee,
they say, “We bear witness that thou art indeed the Messenger of Allah.” Yea,
Allah knoweth that thou art indeed His Messenger, and Allah beareth witness
that the Hypocrites are indeed liars. They have made their oaths a screen (for
their misdeeds): thus they obstruct (men) from the Path of Allah. Truly evil
are their deeds.”
b) Holy Quran Chapter Surah At-Taubah 9: 73-77 (False oaths, breaking promises (to
Allah), lying)
يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ جَـٰهِدِ ٱلۡڪُفَّارَ
وَٱلۡمُنَـٰفِقِينَ وَٱغۡلُظۡ عَلَيۡہِمۡۚ وَمَأۡوَٮٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ (٧٣) يَحۡلِفُونَ بِٱللَّهِ مَا قَالُواْ وَلَقَدۡ قَالُواْ كَلِمَةَ
ٱلۡكُفۡرِ وَڪَفَرُواْ بَعۡدَ إِسۡلَـٰمِهِمۡ وَهَمُّواْ بِمَا لَمۡ يَنَالُواْۚ وَمَا نَقَمُوٓاْ إِلَّآ أَنۡ
أَغۡنَٮٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ ۥ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦۚ فَإِن يَتُوبُواْ يَكُ خَيۡرً۬ا لَّهُمۡۖ وَإِن يَتَوَلَّوۡاْ يُعَذِّبۡہُمُ ٱللَّهُ عَذَابًا أَلِيمً۬ا فِى ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأَخِرَةِۚ وَمَا لَهُمۡ فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مِن وَلِىٍّ۬ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ۬ (٧٤) ۞ وَمِنۡہُم مَّنۡ عَـٰهَدَ ٱللَّهَ
لَٮِٕنۡ ءَاتَٮٰنَا مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ لَنَصَّدَّقَنَّ وَلَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ (٧٥) فَلَمَّآ ءَاتَٮٰهُم مِّن فَضۡلِهِۦ
بَخِلُواْ بِهِۦ وَتَوَلَّواْ وَّهُم مُّعۡرِضُونَ (٧٦) فَأَعۡقَبَہُمۡ نِفَاقً۬ا فِى قُلُوبِہِمۡ إِلَىٰ
يَوۡمِ يَلۡقَوۡنَهُ ۥ بِمَآ أَخۡلَفُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا وَعَدُوهُ وَبِمَا
ڪَانُواْ يَكۡذِبُونَ (٧٧)
(72) O Prophet!
strive hard against the Unbelievers and the Hypocrites, and be firm against
them. Their abode is Hell― an evil refuge indeed. (73) They swear by Allah that
they said nothing (evil), but indeed they uttered blasphemy, and they did it
after accepting Islam; and they meditated a plot which they were unable to
carry out: this revenge of theirs was (their) only return for the bounty with
which Allah and His Messenger had enriched them! If they repent, it will be
best for them; but if they turn back (to their evil ways), Allah will punish
them with a grievous penalty in this life and in the Hereafter: they shall have
none on earth to protect or help them. (74) Amongst them are men who made a
covenant with Allah, that if He bestowed on them of His bounty they would give
(largely) in charity, and be truly amongst those who are righteous. (75) But
when He did bestow of His bounty, they became misers and turned back (from
their covenant), averse (from its fulfillment). (76) So He hath put as a
consequence hypocrisy into their hearts, (to last) till the Day whereon they
shall meet Him: because they broke their Covenant with Allah, and because they
lied (again and again). (77)
1.2 SIGN TWO: TREACHERY
Evidence for this is
his sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam saying: "... and when he makes a
covenant with somebody he acts treacherously (or is disloyal)." [Reported
by al-Bukhaaree from 'Abdullaah bin 'Amr al-'Aas]
So whoever gives his
right hand to the Muslims, the leader or any Muslim and makes a covenant with
him, or to a disbeliever in war (i.e. treaty) and then acts treacherously (or
is disloyal to his covenant) then he has testified against himself with hypocrisy.
This is shown from the hadeeth of Buraidah in Saheeh Muslim, the day when he
sallallaahu ' alayhi wa sallam appointed an ameer and said to him:
"When the people
of the fort ask you that they should be allowed to give up and (be judged) in
accordance with the judgment of Allaah, the appease them upon your judgement
for verily, your guarding / protecting your covenants is easier than
guarding/protecting the covenant of Allaah."
Whoever gives his
trust to a man, his wife, his son, his companion, his friend or the leader,
then deceives and acts treacherously without legal justification from the
Sharee'ah, then clearly, this is a sign and a pillar from the pillars of
hypocrisy and refuge is only with Allaah.
1.3 SIGN 3: SHOWING INSOLENCE AND LICENTIOUSNESS IN
ARGUMENTATION
This is due to the
prophet's sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam saying reported by both al-Bukhaaree
and Muslim: "...and when he argues he behaves insolently."
The People of
Knowledge have said: whoever argues with a Muslim (and I say a Muslim because
argumentation with disbelievers is in a different category which they have
separated from argumentation with a Muslim) and behaves immodestly in his
argumentation then he has called Allaah to witness as to what is in his heart:
that he is an insolent hypocrite.
As for the
disbeliever, then there is a hadith: "War is deception." [Reported by
al-Bukhaaree] Ali radiAllaahu 'anhu acted upon it and it has another separate
explanation. When deception of the disbelievers is required and jesting with
them and making ruses and stratagems against them is appropriate then there is
no treachery in that, but rather it comes under the category of deception and
strategy and there is no evil in it.
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