*Monday
25th Ramadan, 1441 and 18th May 2020*
*What
have you learnt i.e. Hunger or Devotion?*
Alhamdulilah! Alhamdulilah!!
Alhamdulilah!!! Is devotion!
We thank Almighty Allah to spare our
lives to witness this miraculous month (Ramadan). Brothers and sisters in
Islam.
*I
just want to remind myself and yours about ‘Is it permissible for him to break
his fast because his work is difficult?*
1.0 Question: We live in a western
country, which pays no attention to the fast and people who are fasting. My
husband is working for one year in order to complete his last year in the
pharmacy field, and this work is part of his studies for the final year, i.e. a
year of practical work in the field. The problem we are facing is that his work
is far away, one hour by car, and the place where he works is crowded with
patients. my husband has started to feel dizzy and get headaches whilst
working, and he has started to give the medicine to the patients in the wrong
way. Now he is thinking of not fasting for this reason, even though the
distance from home to work is less than 48 miles, which you mentioned in one of
your answers. But the trip takes an hour going and another hour coming back,
and the work day is twelve hours non-stop. Is it permissible for him not to
fast on the basis that he will make it up after he finishes this final year of
his.
Answer
Praise be to Allaah.
Fasting is one of the pillars of
Islam which is established by the Qur’aan and Sunnah and by the consensus of
the Ummah. It is not permissible for the Muslim to break the fast without a
legitimate shar’i excuse such as sickness or travel. A person may experience
great hardship during the fast but he has to be patient and seek the help of
Allaah. If a person becomes thirsty during the day in Ramadaan, there is
nothing wrong with him pouring water over his head to cool himself down, or
rinsing his mouth out with water. If his thirst will cause him a great deal of
harm or there is the fear that he may die of thirst, then it is permissible for
him to break the fast, but he has to make it up later on.
But if his work is the cause of the
difficulty that he is experiencing, this is not an acceptable reason for
breaking the fast, if he can take a leave of absence during Ramadaan, or he can
reduce his workload during this month, or he can change his work to something
that is easier.
The scholars of the Standing
Committee for Issuing Fatwas said:
It is well known in Islam, and no
Muslim has any excuse for not knowing, that fasting the month of Ramadaan is
obligatory for every adult Muslim, and it is one of the pillars of Islam. Every
adult Muslim must strive to fast this month, in obedience to the command of
Allaah, in the hope of His reward and for fear of His punishment, without
neglecting his worldly affairs and without letting his worldly interests affect
his interests in the Hereafter. If there is a conflict between the acts of
worship that have been enjoined by Allaah and his work to earn a living in this
world, then he must work it out so that he will be able to take care of both.
In the example mentioned in the question, he can make the night his time for
doing his work to earn his living, and if that is not possible then he should
take a leave of absence from his work during the month of Ramadaan, even if
that is without pay. If that is not possible, then he should look for another
job where he can combine the two duties and his worldly duties will not affect
his duties towards the Hereafter. There are many kinds of work and the ways of
earning money are not limited to this kind of difficult work. The Muslim will
never be without permissible ways of earning a living which will also allow him
to fulfil the duties and acts of worship that Allaah has enjoined upon him, in
sha Allaah.
“And whosoever fears Allaah and
keeps his duty to Him, He will make a way for him to get out (from every
difficulty).
3. And He will provide him from
(sources) he never could imagine. And whosoever puts his trust in Allaah, then
He will suffice him. Verily, Allaah will accomplish his purpose. Indeed Allaah
has set a measure for all things”[al-Talaaq 65:2-3]
If we assume that he cannot find any
work other than that which has been mentioned, which is causing such hardship
and the fear that the work regulations may be so strict that he cannot practise
his religion fully or perform some of its duties, then he should flee for the
sake of his religion from that land to a land where he will be able to fulfil
his religious and worldly duties, and co-operate with other Muslims in
righteousness and piety. The earth of Allaah is spacious. Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):
“He who emigrates (from his home) in
the Cause of Allaah, will find on earth many dwelling places and plenty to live
by”[al-Nisa’ 4:100]
“Say (O Muhammad): ‘O My slaves who
believe (in the Oneness of Allaah Islamic Monotheism), be afraid of your Lord
(Allaah) and keep your duty to Him. Good is (the reward) for those who do good
in this world, and Allaah’s earth is spacious (so if you cannot worship Allaah
at a place, then go to another)! Only those who are patient shall receive their
reward in full, without reckoning’”[al-Zumar 39:10]
If none of these options are
possible and he is forced to do the kind of hard work that is mentioned in the
question, then he should fast until he starts feeling that he is no longer
coping, then he should take just enough food and drink to keep him going , then
he should refrain from eating and drinking, and he has to make it up during the
days when it is easy for him to fast. End quote.
Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah
li’l-Buhooth al-‘Ilmiyyah wa’l-Ifta, 10/234-236.
They were also asked about a man who
works in a bakery and he gets very thirsty and sweats at work. Is it
permissible for him to break the fast?
They replied:
It is not permissible for him to
break the fast; rather he must fast. The fact that he is baking during the day
in Ramadaan is not an excuse for him to break the fast. He has to work
according to what he is able to do. End quote.
Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah
li’l-Buhooth al-‘Ilmiyyah wa’l-Ifta, 10/238.
And Allaah knows best.
Source: Islam Q&A, 65803
2.0
woke up during the wet dream and found that a few drops of maniy had been
emitted, so he masturbated; did that invalidate his fast?
Question: I went to sleep after Fajr
prayer, then I woke up as I was having a wet dream, but only a few drops of
maniy had come out. I felt pain in my testicles, so I completed the ejaculation
with my hand. Did that spoil my fast?
Answer
Praise be to Allah.
Masturbation is forbidden in Ramadan
and at other times, and it renders the fast invalid.
It says in Kashshaaf al-Qinaa‘ (2/318),
discussing things that invalidate the fast:
… or if he masturbates, and emits
maniy or madhiy. That is because if the fast is spoiled by kissing that results
in ejaculation, then it is more likely to be spoiled by that.
If he does not ejaculate, then he
has committed a haraam action, but he has not spoiled his fast. End quote.
What is most likely to be the case
is that the fast is not spoiled by emission of madhiy, as has been explained
previously in the answer to question no. 49752.
Based on that, what you did by
masturbating is haraam, and your fast was spoiled by that. You have to make up
that day, and also repent.
And Allah knows best.
Source: Islam Q&A, 311999
And Allaah knows best.
3.0
Masturbating or engaging in intimacy with one’s wife to the point of
ejaculation during the day in Ramadaan
If a man masturbates or kisses his
wife until semen is emitted, but he does not have intercourse, is his fast
invalidated by that? What does he have to do, and is there any expiation for
that?.
Answer
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
Masturbation is haraam, as has
already been explained in the answer to question no. 329; in Ramadaan it is
even more haraam.
Secondly:
Masturbation, and also being
intimate with one's wife and kissing her until semen is emitted invalidates the
fast, and the one who does that has to repent to Allaah for doing this haraam
action, and he has to fast a day to make up for the day which he spoiled, but
he does not have to offer expiation (kafaarah), because expiation is only required
for having intercourse during the day in Ramadaan.
Ibn Qudaamah said in al-Mughni
(4/363): If he masturbates with his hand, he has committed a haraam action, but
his fast is not invalidated by that unless he ejaculates; if he ejaculates then
his fast is invalidated. End quote.
He also said (4/361): If he kisses
(his wife) and ejaculates, then he has broken his fast and there is no
difference of scholarly opinion that we know of. End quote.
Al-Nawawi said in al-Majmoo’
(6/349): If he kisses or engages in intimacy without having intercourse or
touching the woman’s skin with his hand etc, then if he emits semen his fast is
invalidated, otherwise it is not. Saahib al-Haawi and others narrated that
there is scholarly consensus that the fast of one who kisses or touches his
wife, without having intercourse, then ejaculates, is invalidated. End quote.
It says in Bidaayah al-Mujtahid
(1/382): All of them – i.e., the imams – say that whoever kisses and ejaculates
has broken his fast. End quote.
Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr said in
al-Istidhkaar (3/296):
I do not know of any scholar who
granted a concession with regard to kissing for the one who is fasting, unless
he is confident that nothing will result from that; for the one who knows that
it will result in something that will invalidate his fast, he must avoid that.
End quote.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen said in
Fataawa al-Siyaam (p. 237): It is not permissible for a man to engage in
foreplay with his wife if he knows that he will ejaculate as a result of that,
because some people are quick to ejaculate just by engaging in foreplay, or
kissing a woman and so on. So we say to such a man: it is not permissible for
you to engage in foreplay with your wife so long as you fear that you may
ejaculate. End quote.
He also said in al-Sharh al-Mumti’
(6/234-235):
If he seeks to expel semen by any
means, whether by hand or by rubbing it on the ground and so on until he
ejaculates, then his fast is invalidated by that. This is the view of the four
imams (may Allaah have mercy on them), Maalik, al-Shaafa’i, Abu Haneefah and
Ahmad.
The literalists (al-zaahiriyyah)
rejected that and said: the fast is not invalidated by masturbation even if one
ejaculates, because there is no evidence from the Qur’aan or Sunnah that the
fast is invalidated thereby, and an act of worship cannot be ruled to be
invalidated unless there is evidence from Allaah and His Messenger (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him). But in my view – and Allaah knows best – we
may understand that it does break the fast on the basis of the following two
points:
1 – From the texts. In the saheeh
hadeeth it states that Allaah, may He be glorified and exalted, says concerning
the one who fasts: “He gives up his food, his drink and his desire for My
sake,” and masturbation is a kind of desire, and emission of semen is a kind of
desire. The evidence that semen may be described as desire is the words of the
Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him): “In the intimacy of one
of you there is charity.” They said: “O Messenger of Allaah, if one of us
fulfils his desire, is there reward in that?” He said: “Do you not see that if
he fulfils it in a haraam manner, he will bear a burden of sin? Similarly, if
he fulfils it in a halaal manner, he will have reward.” And what is referred to
here is semen.
2 – Based on analogy. We say that
the Sunnah states that a person breaks his fast by making himself vomit if he
vomits, and he breaks his fast by cupping if he is treated with cupping and
blood comes out of him. Both of these weaken the body.
As for the emission of food, it is
clear that this weakens the body, because the stomach remains empty and the
person will quickly become hungry and thirsty.
With regard to the emission of
blood, it also seems that it weakens the body, and the same results from
emission of semen, which undoubtedly exhausts the body. Hence there is the
command to do ghusl, which restores energy to the body, and this is by analogy
with cupping and vomiting.
Based on this we say: if semen is
emitted with desire, then it invalidates the fast, on the basis of the texts
and analogy. End quote.
Based on these two points – the fact
that it is fulfilment of desire and that it weakens the body, Shaykh al-Islam
Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him) ruled that masturbation invalidates
the fast. See Majmoo’ al-Fataawa, 25/251.
Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allaah have
mercy on him) said:
Masturbation during the day in
Ramadaan invalidates the fast if it is done deliberately and semen is emitted
as a result. The person has to make up that fast as an obligation, and he has
to repent to Allaah, may He be glorified and exalted, because masturbation,
which is what people call the ‘secret habit’, is not permissible whether one is
fasting or otherwise. End quote.
Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn Baaz, 15/267
The scholars of the Standing
Committee for Issuing Fatwas (10/256) said:
Masturbation during Ramadaan and at
other times is haraam and it is not permissible to do it, because Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):
“And those who guard their chastity
(i.e. private parts, from illegal sexual acts)
6. Except from their wives or (the
slaves) that their right hands possess, __for then, they are free from blame;
7. But whoever seeks beyond that,
then those are the transgressors”[al-Mu’minoon 23:5]
The one who does that during the day
in Ramadaan when he is fasting has to repent to Allaah and make up the fast of
the day when he did that, but he does not have to offer expiation (kafaarah),
because expiation is required only in the case of intercourse. End quote.
And Allaah knows best.
Islam Q&A Question 71213
4.0
He is going to travel from one city to another and come back on the same day;
can he break his fast?
Question: I'm going to go from
amasterdam to paris and come back in shallah the same date, so can i eat in
that date of the voyage?
Answer
Praise be to Allaah.
The traveller is one of those to
whom Allaah has granted a concession allowing them to break the fast in
Ramadaan. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“So whoever of you sights (the
crescent on the first night of) the month (of Ramadan i.e. is present at his
home), he must observe Sawm (fasts) that month, and whoever is ill or on a
journey, the same number [of days which one did not observe Sawm (fasts) must
be made up] from other days. Allaah intends for you ease, and He does not want
to make things difficult for you”[al-Baqarah 2:185]
It makes no difference whether the
journey is difficult or easy.
The scholars differed concerning the
definition of what makes a person a traveller and thus entitled to the
concessions granted to travellers, one of which is that a fasting person may
break his fast.
The majority of scholars define it
in terms of distance, which is approximately 80 kilometers.
Others – and this is the view favoured
by Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah – are of the view that what counts is ‘urf
(custom – what is customarily regarded as travel), and not the distance.
So whatever people customarily
regard as being travel is travel, and comes under the rulings on travel in
sharee’ah.
Undoubtedly travelling from
Amsterdam to Paris is something that people would customarily regard as travel,
even if one comes back the same day.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen said in
al-Sharh al-Mumti’ (4/257) concerning a man who travelled a long distance in a
short period: “A short period for a long distance, such as one who travels from
al-Qaseem to Jeddah and back in one day – this is called travel, because people
prepare themselves for it and they think that they are travelling.” End quote.
The distance between al-Qaseem and
Jeddah is approximately 900 kilometers.
Based on this, if a person travels
from Amsterdam to Paris and comes back the same day, he is travelling according
to both scholarly opinions, whether we base it on the distance or on what is
customarily regarded as travel.
Is it better for him to fast or not
to fast?
The answer is:
It is better for him to fast unless
he finds it difficult, in which case it is better for him not to fast.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah
have mercy on him) said:
It is better for the traveller to
fast, unless he finds it too difficult, in which case he may break his fast.
The evidence that it is better for him to fast is as follows:
1 – This is what the Messenger
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) did. Abu’l-Darda’ (may Allaah be
pleased with him) said: We were with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) on a hot day, such that one of us would lay his hand on his head
because it was so hot, and there was no one among us who was fasting except the
Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and ‘Abd-Allaah
ibn Rawaahah. Narrated by Muslim.
2 – If he fasts it will be easier
for him, because making up the fast may be more difficult – in most cases – than
doing it at the proper time. That is because if he fasts in Ramadaan he is
fasting at the same time as other people, and that will be easier for him. When
Allaah enjoined fasting on His slaves, He said (interpretation of the meaning):
“ Allaah intends for you ease, and
He does not want to make things difficult for you”[al-Baqarah 2:185]
3 – If he fasts Ramadaan whilst
travelling, he will discharge his duty more quickly, because no one knows what
will happen to him after Ramadaan, so fasting will discharge his duty more
quickly.
There is a fourth benefit, which is
that if he fasts in Ramadaan he will have fasted at the best time, which is
Ramadaan.
But if it is too difficult he should
not fast when he is travelling, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) saw a crowd around a man who was shaded from the sun. He
said: “What is this?” They said: “One who is fasting.” He said: “It is not
righteousness to fast when travelling.” He said that to one who fasted whilst
travelling although it was difficult for him. One day when the Prophet (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) made a stop during a journey, those who
were fasting fell down because they were exhausted, whilst those who were not
fasting put up the tents and gave water to the travellers and animals. The
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Today the reward has
gone only to those who are not fasting.” Narrated by Muslim.
Majmoo’ Fataawa al-Shaykh Ibn
‘Uthaymeen, 19/question no. 112
And Allaah knows best.
Source: Islam Q&A, 65629
And Allaah knows best.
May Allah Almighty accept our fast
and blessed us
May Almighty Allah reward us
abundantly and accept our Ibadaah. Ameen
No comments:
Post a Comment