Avoid 70 Major Sins[1] - Series No 24 of 70
Article on Highwaymen Who Menace the Road In Islam
Assembled by Abba Abana, FCE,
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Dated 2nd June 2013
Bismillah Walhamdulillah Was Salaatu Was Salaam 'ala Rasulillah. As-Salaam Alaikum Wa-Rahmatullahi Wa-Barakatuhu
Praise be to Allaah; we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allaah from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah guides will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is no god but Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.
Transliterations: Hiraabah
Meaning: Highway Robbery
Explanation: Hirabah, highway robbery is considered a major crime for which one may lose a hand and a leg or even receive the penalty of death.
Highway robbery or robbery is defined as the activity of an individual or a group of individuals who go out in strength into the public thoroughfare with the intention of preventing passage or with the intention of seizing the property of passers-by or otherwise inflicting upon them bodily harm
2.0 Highwaymen Who Menace the Road
Allah says,
{The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and his Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hand and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land that is chief disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the hereafter.} (AI-Ma'idah, 5: 33)
AI- W ahidi comments, "To wage war against Allah and his Messenger means to disobey them." To strive for mischief through the land" refers to killing people, robbing them, and violently consuming their property. Hence, to take arms against a Muslim stands for fighting with Allah and his Messenger. Such an opinion was held by Imam Malik, Imam Shafi'i, and AI-Awza'i.
Holy Quran Surah Maida 5.33. The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is:[2]
For the double crime of treason against the State, combined with treason against Allah, as shown by overt crimes, four alternative punishments are mentioned, any one of which is to be applied according to the crime committed, viz.,
1) Execution (Cutting Off Of The Head),
2) Crucifixion,
3) Maiming, or
4) Exile.
These were features of the Criminal Law then and for centuries afterwards, except that tortures such as "hanging, drawing, and quartering" in English Law, and piercing of eyes and leaving the unfortunate victim exposed to a tropical sun, which was practised in Arabia, and all such tortures were abolished.
In any case sincere repentance before it was too late was recognised as a ground for mercy.
... أَن يُقَتَّلُواْ أَوْ يُصَلَّبُواْ أَوْ تُقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُم مِّنْ خِلافٍ ...
execution, or crucifixion, of the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides,
Understood to mean the right hand and the left foot.
... أَوْ يُنفَوْاْ مِنَ الأَرْضِ...
or exile from the land:
... ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ خِزْيٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَلَهُمْ فِي الآخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ ﴿٣٣﴾
that is their disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter.
إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ تَابُواْ مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَقْدِرُواْ عَلَيْهِمْ ...
As to Allah's saying, "Execution............... Or exile from the land", AI-Wahidi said from Ibn 'Abbas that "or" in this verse is used for giving the choice and permissibility. Hence, the Imam- the Muslim leader has the full option to enforce killing, or crucifixion or banishment. AI-Hasan, Sa'id fun AIMusayyab, and Mujahid supported this view.[3]
According to another narration through' Atiyyah, AI- W alibi said, "or" in the verse is not for permissibility, but it rather signifies the order of the legal rule "Hukm" in regard to the variant crimes. In other words, those who murder and plunder property must be killed and crucified. Those who only rob property, their hands and feet must be cut off and those who violently shed blood but do not rob property must be put to death. Finally, those who scare people in their ways but do not commit murder must be exiled from the land. Imam Shafi'i is quoted to hare the some previous view. He is mentioned as saying,”
Each criminal is judged according to his/her offense. So, in case of killing and crucifixion, the evildoer should first be put to death lest he is painfully tortured. Then, he is crucified for three consecutive days and then let down.
In case of killing only, the criminal is executed and his corpse is to be handed to his kinsmen to be buried.
If the sentence of cutting off of hands or feet, the right hand is first to be lopped off and cauterized. If he returned to theft, his left leg should be severed. In the third time, his left hand should be amputated.
Concerning the cutting off of thieves' hands and feet the Prophet said,
"If someone committed theft cut off his hand, if he stole a second, cut off his leg, if he stole once again, cut off his (other) hand if he insisted on stealing, cut off his (other) leg.”[4]
Abu Bakr and 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them all) were unanimously used to inflict such a legal rule upon thieves. Allah's saying" From opposite sides" illustrated the contrasting order in cutting off of a hand at then a leg.
Ibn 'Abbas in his exegesis of Allah's saying {Or exile from the land } made open that if the thief is out of control, the Imam should pass a command to shed his blood in vain. But if he is under arrest, exile connotes imprisonment that restricts and hinders his freedom.
3.0 Conclusion
Your audience is always Allah 
Himself and not other people. He can see straight into your heart and He knows your truth. This is how you avoid major sins including Article on Highwaymen Who Menace the Road In Islam etc.
Himself and not other people. He can see straight into your heart and He knows your truth. This is how you avoid major sins including Article on Highwaymen Who Menace the Road In Islam etc.
1) We ask Allah to guide and protect us; He is the Most Generous.
to guide and protect us; He is the Most Generous.
2) May Allah guide you and me to be sincere in our intentions and to perfect our deeds!
guide you and me to be sincere in our intentions and to perfect our deeds!
3) May Allah guide you and me to the straightforward path, for He is Most Bounteous, Most Generous? Praise be to Allah the Lord of all worlds.
guide you and me to the straightforward path, for He is Most Bounteous, Most Generous? Praise be to Allah the Lord of all worlds.
4) May Allah bless our Prophet Muhammad (
), his family and all his Companions!
bless our Prophet Muhammad (), his family and all his Companions!
5) We ask Allaah to make us and you steadfast.
to make us and you steadfast.
6) ‘’Allahu A'alam" (Allah knows best).
A'alam" (Allah knows best).
AVOID THE 70 MAJOR SINS[5]
Thus Allah has guaranteed Paradise to those who avoid major sins. There is some difference of opinion among scholars in this regard. Some say these major sins are seven, and in support of their position they quote the Hadith: “Avoid the seven noxious things.”
has guaranteed Paradise to those who avoid major sins. There is some difference of opinion among scholars in this regard. Some say these major sins are seven, and in support of their position they quote the Hadith: “Avoid the seven noxious things.”
However, Abdullah Bin Abbas said, “Seventy is closer to the number than seven,” and indeed that is correct. The above Hadith does not limit the major sins to those mentioned in it. Rather, it points to the types which fall into the category of major sins:-
01. Shirk
02. Murder
03. Practicing magic
04. Not Praying (Salah)
05. Not paying Zakat
06. Not fasting on a Day of Ramadan without excuse
07. Not performing Haj, while being able to do so
08. Disrespect to parents
09. Abandoning relatives
10. Fornication and adultery
11. Homosexuality (sodomy)
12. Interest (Riba)
13. Wrongfully consuming the property of an orphan
14. Lying about Allah and His Messenger
and His Messenger
15. Running away from the battlefield
16. A leader deceiving his people and being unjust to them
17. Pride and arrogance
18. Bearing false witness
19. Drinking Khamr (wine)
20. Gambling
21. Slandering chaste women
22. Stealing from the spoils of war
23. Stealing
24. Highway robbery[6]
25. Taking false oath
26. Oppression
27. Illegal gain
28. Consuming wealth acquired unlawfully
29. Committing suicide
30. Frequent lying
31. Judging unjustly
32. Giving and accepting bribes
33. Women imitating men and men imitating women
34. Being cuckold
35. Marrying a divorced woman in order to make her lawful for the former husband
36. Not protecting oneself from impurity of urine
37. Showing-off
38. Learning knowledge of the religion for the sake of this world and concealing that knowledge
39. Betrayal of trust
40. Recounting favors
41. Denying Allah’s Decree
’s Decree
42. Listening (to) people’s private conversations
43. Carrying tales
44. Cursing
45. Breaking contracts
46. Believing in fortune-tellers and astrologers
47. A woman’s bad conduct towards her husband
48. Making statues and pictures
49. Lamenting, wailing, tearing the cloth, and doing other things of this sort when an affliction befalls
50. Treating others unjustly
51. Overbearing conduct toward the wife, the servant, the weak, and animals
52. Offending one’s neighbor
53. Offending and abusing Muslims
54. Offending people and having an arrogant attitude toward them
55. Trailing one’s garment in pride
56. Men wearing silk and gold
57. A slave running away from his master
58. Slaughtering an animal which has been dedicated to anyone other than Allah
59. To knowingly ascribe one’s paternity to a father other than one’s own
60. Arguing and disputing violently
61. Withholding excess water
62. Giving short weight or measure
63. Feeling secure from Allah’s Plan
’s Plan
64. Offending Allah’s Awliya (the righteous and pious believers)
’s Awliya (the righteous and pious believers)
65. Not praying in congregation but praying alone without an excuse
66. Persistently missing Friday Prayers without any excuse
67. Usurping the rights of the heir through bequests
68. Deceiving and plotting evil
69. Spying for the enemies of the Muslims
70. Cursing or insulting any of the Companions of Allah’s Messenger
’s Messenger
Major sins are crimes which call for a prescribed punishment (Hadd; plural, Hudood); acts for which a warning of a severe punishment in the Hereafter is given in the Qur’an or Sunnah; and also those deeds which are cursed by our Prophet .
.
Of course, there is a gradation among them, since some are more serious than others. We see that the Prophet has included Shirk (associating someone or something with Allah) among them, and from the text of the Qur’an we know that a person who dies committing Shirk will not be forgiven and will remain in Hell forever.
has included Shirk (associating someone or something with Allah) among them, and from the text of the Qur’an we know that a person who dies committing Shirk will not be forgiven and will remain in Hell forever.
[1] Did you download or photocopied ‘’Avoid 70 Major Sins’’ series 1 - 23?
[2] http://www.quran4u.com/Tafsiraya/005%20Maida.htm
[4]Reported by Abu Dawud.
[5] In Shaa Allahu, Our planned mission is to get required articles on 70 Major Sins separately/sequentially via email to brothers/sisters for their archives/families/friends etc.
[6] This is where we are today, Allah (SWT) Willing; Series No 24. We have already given out Series 1 - 23 of the ‘’Avoid 70 Major Sins’’ before.
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