Avoid 70 Major Sins[1] - Series No 25 of 70
Article on The Engulfing Oath In Islam
Assembled by Abba Abana, FCE,
Kubwa, Abuja, Nigeria
M-Tel +2348023746371 (Only SMS),
Dated 4th June 2013
Bismillah Walhamdulillah Was Salaatu Was Salaam 'ala Rasulillah. As-Salaam Alaikum Wa-Rahmatullahi Wa-Barakatuhu
Praise be to Allaah; we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allaah from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah guides will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is no god but Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.
The Engulfing Oath
Allah says,
{as for those who sell the faith they owe to Allah and their own solemn plighted word for a small price, they shall have no portion in the hereafter! Nor will Allah (Design to) speak to them or look at them on the Day of Judgement, nor will he clean them (of sin): they shall have a grievous chastisement.} (3: 77)
Al-Wahidi related, "The occasion of revelation of this verse was regarding two disputants who sought the Prophet to decide their case about a landed estate. At the time the defendant had been on the point of taking an oath[2], Allah revealed this verse. At once, he turned away from swearing and admitted the claimant's right to the estate.
"Whosoever is ordered (by the ruler or the judge) to give an oath, and he takes a false oath in order to grab the property of a Muslim, he will incur Allah's Wrath when he meets Him on the Day of Resurrection.”
Al-Ash 'ath said, "By Allah, this verse was revealed in my connection. A dispute broke out between me and a Jew who had denied my right to the ownership of a piece of land. I reported him to Allah's apostle who said to me:
"Have you got an evidence (i.e. witness)? I replied, "No" He said to the Jewish man" swear in!" At this
moment, I said, "0 Allah's Apostle! He, my opponent, will take the oath and consequently consume my property". For this Allah revealed, ''as for those who sell the faith…”[3]
`Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud narrated the Prophet as saying, A person who swears falsely to take possession of Muslim's property unjustly, shall face the wrath of Allah on the Day of Judgement". 'Abdullah added, 'the Prophet recited the following verse from the holy Qur'an in support of this statement.
{As for those who sell the faith ..........}
The Prophet said, "A person who usurps the right of a Muslim, by swearing (falsely) will be condemned by Allah the Exalted to the hell and will be derived of Paradise. A man asked, "0 Messenger of Allah! Even if it may be a small
thing?" he the Prophet -answered, "Even if it be the (smallest) twig of a bush- tree.”3
Abu Dhar narrated the Prophet say,
"There are three people whom Allah will not talk to on the Day of Judgement, look at, or exonerate, and there is a painful chastisement for them ". They failed and they lost who are these persons, Allah's apostle?
Upon this the Prophet remarked, "They are the draggers of lower garment, those who remind others of their favors, and the seller of goods by false oath.”[4]
The Prophet also said,
"The biggest sins are: to join others in worship with Allah, to be undutiful to one's parents, to kill
somebody unlawfully, and to take (a false) oath- “AI-Ghamus”
Of the forbidden oaths is swearing by other than Allah, such as: the Prophet, the Ka'bah, the angels,
heaven, water, life, honesty, souls, the sultan's life, or his favor, or by someone's grave.
The Prophet said,
"Lo! Allah forbids you to swear by your fathers, so whosoever has to take an oath, he should swear by Allah or keep silent.”[5]
He said too, "Do not swear by idols, nor by your fathers.”[6]
"Whosoever swears by his honour is not from amongst us.”[7]
"Whosoever takes an oath that if he does such and such act, or he is wrong, he may go out of Islam, then if he should turn out to be a liar he will be as he said (swore) and if he is proved to have spoken the truth then he will not come back to Islam without a stigma.”[8]
Ibn 'Umar heard a man swearing by K'abah. Thereupon he said to that man, "Do not swear by other than Allah for I have received the Prophet's words which concluded,
"Whosoever swears by other than Allah has indeed disbelieved in Allah and ascribed partners to Him.”7
By "disbelieved and ascribed partners to Him." some interpreters assimilate it as referring to the misdeed of the sin.
The Prophet said,
"Hypocrisy stands for polytheism.”8
He also said,
"A person who takes an oath and swears (by error):" By Lat and "Uzzah", should at once affirm:" there is no god save Allah.”[9]
Among the newly guided companions of the Prophet were some who spontaneously happened to use Al-Lat and A1- Uzzah as oaths. To them the Prophet gave a commandment to declare:" There is no god but Allah", as an expiation for what they have said[10].
Taking a False Oath of the Holy Qur'an
Question
My Question is if anyone in case of terrible problem or improper condition where he/she found himself/herself very miserable take false oath or swear of Holy Quran which is the biggest sin I know but is there any term in Islam which prevent him/her from the anger of God?
Answer
Taking a false oath, as you have stated is an extremely big sin. The person guilty of such a sin must sincerely repent, seek God's forgiveness and make a strong commitment of never to repeat such a heinous sin. According to the Qur'an, a person guilty of making a false pledge should feed or clothe ten destitute people or free a slave[1] or fast for three days as an atonement for his/her sin. Even though a pledge is different from an oath, yet because each of them relate to a false statement while under a vow, therefore, I would also recommend that the person guilty of making a false statement under oath should also offer the reparation prescribed for breaking a pledge.
However, it should be remembered that if a false statement of a person has unjustly deprived another person of any of his moral and/or legal rights, then, in addition to the foregoing, the person will also have to return the right to where it was due. In case the person is no longer in a position to recompense the deprived then he shall have to seek forgiveness from the deprived or, in case of his absence or death, from his heirs. It should be remembered that if a person has knowingly and intentionally avoided to make amends for having unjustly deprived another person from his rights, then he shall have to pay in full all such rights on the Day of Judgment. All acts of seeking forgiveness from the Almighty and all acts of atonements shall fall short of achieving their objective if the person is not willing to compensate the deprived for his rights, while he has the chance to do so, during the life of this world.
I hope this helps.
[1] The provision of freeing slaves as reparation for various sins was kept as a means of leading the society in the direction towards abolishing the institute of slavery. Under the present circumstances where most of the world societies have been freed of this grave crime against humanity, this provision shall obviously not apply.
FRIDAY KHUTBA OF TOKYO CAMĐĐ
November 3, 2006
TYPES OF OATH[11]
Dear Mumins!
In our daily life, we take oaths, sometimes only as a habit, sometimes consciously. There are three types of oaths in Islam fiqh. Today we will talk about those.
1. Laghw Oath (A Mistaken Oath): It is swearing to something past thinking that it is true. For example, somebody’s taking of oath saying “I paid my debt” supposing that he had paid his debt is like this. Also, the oaths, which are taken as a habit of the tongue, are regarded as laghw oaths. Allah (s.w.t.) has expressed in Quran that there is no expiation (kaffârat) for this kind of oath by decreeing as follows: “Allah will not punish you for what is unintentional in your oaths[12]…” Yet those who take oath frequently while talking should leave this bad habit as soon as possible.
2. Ghâmûs Oath (An Engulfing Oath):
It is swearing to something past, either happened or not happened, deliberately lying about it. For example, somebody’s taking of oath saying “I paid” knowing he did not is like this. Such kind of oath is a big sin and loads a huge responsibility on the undertaker. The expiation may not be enough for being forgiven. So it (the expiation) is not required for the oath of Ghâmûs according to Hanafi fiqh. There is no expiation other than seeking forgiveness of Allah (S.w.T.). So, the person who took an engulfing oath deliberately should make tawba abundantly. And he also should decide not to fall into such a mistake again, and then should ask forgiveness of those who have the right, paying the loss arisen from his oath. Meanwhile, I should mention that according to Shafiî fiqh, the expiation must be paid for this kind of the oath.
3. Mun’akid Oath (An Enacted Oath):
It is an oath made for something future, which is possible. For example, taking oath for that one will pay his debt at this time or he will be at the decided place or he will do that duty, are such oaths. This oath should be carried out in any case because it means to make Allah (s.w.t.) witness for something that would be done. If it is not carried out it requires expiation. In Quran it was decreed:
“(but) He will punish you for your deliberate oaths, for its expiation feed ten poor persons, on a scale of the average of that with which you feed your own families, or clothe them or manumit a
slave. But whosoever cannot afford then he should fast for three days. That is the expiation for
the oaths when you have sworn.
And protect your oaths. Thus Allah makes clear to you his âyats (proofs, evidences, verses,
lessons) that you may be grateful[13].”
One who swears an oath for something disagreeable, should pay expiation of oath, giving up making that evil deed. It has been recommended to pay expiation in the cases like one swears to pay not his debt or to speak not with his Muslim brother or to stay not with his parents in the same house. Our
Prophet (s.a.w.) said in one hadith: “He who took an oath and (later on) found something better than that should do that, and expiate for (breaking) his vow[14].”
Pay attention please, while taking oath because you call the name of Allah (s.w.t.). Do not use His exalted name for every deed. When you took an oath remain true to your oath.
3.0 Conclusion
Your audience is always Allah 
Himself and not other people. He can see straight into your heart and He knows your truth. This is how you avoid major sins including Article on The Engulfing Oath In Islam etc.
Himself and not other people. He can see straight into your heart and He knows your truth. This is how you avoid major sins including Article on The Engulfing Oath In Islam etc.
1) We ask Allah to guide and protect us; He is the Most Generous.
to guide and protect us; He is the Most Generous.
2) May Allah guide you and me to be sincere in our intentions and to perfect our deeds!
guide you and me to be sincere in our intentions and to perfect our deeds!
3) May Allah guide you and me to the straightforward path, for He is Most Bounteous, Most Generous? Praise be to Allah the Lord of all worlds.
guide you and me to the straightforward path, for He is Most Bounteous, Most Generous? Praise be to Allah the Lord of all worlds.
4) May Allah bless our Prophet Muhammad (
), his family and all his Companions!
bless our Prophet Muhammad (), his family and all his Companions!
5) We ask Allaah to make us and you steadfast.
to make us and you steadfast.
6) ‘’Allahu A'alam" (Allah knows best).
A'alam" (Allah knows best).
AVOID THE 70 MAJOR SINS[15]
Thus Allah has guaranteed Paradise to those who avoid major sins. There is some difference of opinion among scholars in this regard. Some say these major sins are seven, and in support of their position they quote the Hadith: “Avoid the seven noxious things.”
has guaranteed Paradise to those who avoid major sins. There is some difference of opinion among scholars in this regard. Some say these major sins are seven, and in support of their position they quote the Hadith: “Avoid the seven noxious things.”
However, Abdullah Bin Abbas said, “Seventy is closer to the number than seven,” and indeed that is correct. The above Hadith does not limit the major sins to those mentioned in it. Rather, it points to the types which fall into the category of major sins:-
01. Shirk
02. Murder
03. Practicing magic
04. Not Praying (Salah)
05. Not paying Zakat
06. Not fasting on a Day of Ramadan without excuse
07. Not performing Haj, while being able to do so
08. Disrespect to parents
09. Abandoning relatives
10. Fornication and adultery
11. Homosexuality (sodomy)
12. Interest (Riba)
13. Wrongfully consuming the property of an orphan
14. Lying about Allah and His Messenger
and His Messenger
15. Running away from the battlefield
16. A leader deceiving his people and being unjust to them
17. Pride and arrogance
18. Bearing false witness
19. Drinking Khamr (wine)
20. Gambling
21. Slandering chaste women
22. Stealing from the spoils of war
23. Stealing
24. Highway robbery
25. Taking false oath[16]
26. Oppression
27. Illegal gain
28. Consuming wealth acquired unlawfully
29. Committing suicide
30. Frequent lying
31. Judging unjustly
32. Giving and accepting bribes
33. Women imitating men and men imitating women
34. Being cuckold
35. Marrying a divorced woman in order to make her lawful for the former husband
36. Not protecting oneself from impurity of urine
37. Showing-off
38. Learning knowledge of the religion for the sake of this world and concealing that knowledge
39. Betrayal of trust
40. Recounting favors
41. Denying Allah’s Decree
’s Decree
42. Listening (to) people’s private conversations
43. Carrying tales
44. Cursing
45. Breaking contracts
46. Believing in fortune-tellers and astrologers
47. A woman’s bad conduct towards her husband
48. Making statues and pictures
49. Lamenting, wailing, tearing the cloth, and doing other things of this sort when an affliction befalls
50. Treating others unjustly
51. Overbearing conduct toward the wife, the servant, the weak, and animals
52. Offending one’s neighbor
53. Offending and abusing Muslims
54. Offending people and having an arrogant attitude toward them
55. Trailing one’s garment in pride
56. Men wearing silk and gold
57. A slave running away from his master
58. Slaughtering an animal which has been dedicated to anyone other than Allah
59. To knowingly ascribe one’s paternity to a father other than one’s own
60. Arguing and disputing violently
61. Withholding excess water
62. Giving short weight or measure
63. Feeling secure from Allah’s Plan
’s Plan
64. Offending Allah’s Awliya (the righteous and pious believers)
’s Awliya (the righteous and pious believers)
65. Not praying in congregation but praying alone without an excuse
66. Persistently missing Friday Prayers without any excuse
67. Usurping the rights of the heir through bequests
68. Deceiving and plotting evil
69. Spying for the enemies of the Muslims
70. Cursing or insulting any of the Companions of Allah’s Messenger
’s Messenger
Major sins are crimes which call for a prescribed punishment (Hadd; plural, Hudood); acts for which a warning of a severe punishment in the Hereafter is given in the Qur’an or Sunnah; and also those deeds which are cursed by our Prophet .
.
Of course, there is a gradation among them, since some are more serious than others. We see that the Prophet has included Shirk (associating someone or something with Allah) among them, and from the text of the Qur’an we know that a person who dies committing Shirk will not be forgiven and will remain in Hell forever.
has included Shirk (associating someone or something with Allah) among them, and from the text of the Qur’an we know that a person who dies committing Shirk will not be forgiven and will remain in Hell forever.
[1] Did you download or photocopied ‘’Avoid 70 Major Sins’’ series 1 - 24?
[2] AI-Ghamus oath is the false oath taken by somebody intentionally to mislead and cheat people. So, it dips him into the Fire. (Translator.)
[6] Reported by Muslim
[11] http://www.tokyocamii.org/pdf/Yemin_Cesitleri.pdf
[12] 5. Al-Mâidah, 89.
[13] 5. Al-Mâidah, 89.
[14] 3 Mulim, Eiman, 15
[15] In Shaa Allahu, Our planned mission is to get required articles on 70 Major Sins separately/sequentially via email to brothers/sisters for their archives/families/friends etc.
[16] This is where we are today, Allah (SWT) Willing; Series No 24. We have already given out Series 1 - 23 of the ‘’Avoid 70 Major Sins’’ before.
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